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Exact(5)
The minimal pedigree depth, achieved with an MZ comprising 359 cells, was 11.74 (Table 1, optimization 1; full optimization results are given in Additional file 1: Table S1); this is close to the theoretical minimum of 11.55.
It is also lower than the minimal pedigree depth of the first 3000 cells, because differentiated cells produced early in development (which have a lower pedigree depth) are more likely to become gametes than differentiated cells produced later.
We performed a second optimization that was identical to the first except that cell cycle length was fixed both in space and in time, and constrained total MZ cell number to be no more than the optimum for optimization 1 (359 cells); the minimal pedigree depth was 13.94 (Table 1, optimization 2).
The cell cycle gradient present along the distal proximal axis plays a substantial role in minimizing pedigree depth: with a cell cycle length fixed in space and time, the minimal pedigree depth was 9.91 without constraints on MZ size (Table 1, optimization 7).
The difference between optimizations 1 and 2 can thus be fully ascribed to the lack of spatial freedom in optimization 2. We next performed a third optimization that lifted the total MZ cell number constraint in optimization 2, and found that even without that constraint, the minimal pedigree depth was 12.05, still higher than when a cell cycle gradient is allowed (Table 1, optimization 3).
Similar(55)
The strategy that minimizes pedigree depth and thus replication-dependent mutation accumulation has significant drawbacks.
This optimization minimized pedigree depth to a value of 9.72 (Table 1, optimization 10; Additional file 1: Table S1).
These six parameters were optimized as described in " Methods" to minimize pedigree depth of the first 3000 differentiated cells.
We first sought to establish whether the MZ's tubular organization can efficaciously minimize pedigree depth when combined with a cell cycle gradient.
The minimal average pedigree depth of gametes is thus larger than the minimal average pedigree depth for 220 cells that are the only descendants of a primordial progenitor – i.e. log2(220) = 7.78 – and likely smaller than the minimal average pedigree depth for 3000 cells – i.e. log2 3000) = 11.55.
The minimal average pedigree depth of the ~3000 germ cells produced over the lifetime of a gonadal arm is log2 3000) = 11.55.
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