Rodent models of DR vary with respect to species (predominantly rat or mouse), strain, method of diabetic induction and duration of diabetes.
Validation of e-mail transmission of digital fundus photographs of type 2 diabetes patients as a method of diabetic retinopathy detection.
Dilated retinal digital photography with the additional use of ophthalmoscopy is the most effective and robust method of diabetic retinopathy screening.
The DRS is the only form of diabetic retinopathy screening recognised for primary care payments in Scotland, so it is the dominant method of diabetic retinopathy screening.
It is possible that any small differences we noted between rat models were a function of the rat strain, the method of diabetic induction, or the administration of insulin to the DR-BB animals.
The morphological analysis of glomerular size, mesangial matrix, and tubular lesions was semiquantitatively assessed by a modification method of diabetic nephropathy classification previously described by Tervaert et al. [ 29] and Oh et al. [ 30].
