Sentence examples for maximum foraging distances from inspiring English sources

The present study applied a new and direct approach to experimentally investigate maximum foraging distances in solitary bees.

Previous investigations predicted maximum foraging distances of 100 200 m for small bee species and up to 1100 m for very large species based on mainly indirect methods.

The maximum foraging distance recorded for the small Hylaeus punctulatissimus was 1100 m, for the medium sized Chelostoma rapunculi 1275 m and for the large Hoplitis adunca 1400 m, indicating that maximum foraging distances at species level have been underestimated.

This finding suggests that a close neighbourhood of nesting and foraging habitat within few hundred meters is crucial to maintain populations of these species, and that threshold distances at which half of the population discontinues foraging are a more meaningful parameter for conservation practice than the species specific maximum foraging distances.

Maximum foraging distances were 40 km for African penguins (Spheniscus demersus), except at Boulders where it was 20 km, 10 km for bank cormorants (Phalacrocorax lucidus), 40 km for Cape cormorants (Phalacrocorax capensis), 100 km for Cape gannets (Morus capensis), and 2 km for roseate terns (Sterna dougallii).

While some of these techniques (e.g. pollen mapping, mark-recapture, or genetic analyses) tend to measure minimum (rather than maximum) foraging distances, others (e.g. homing and feeder training experiments) often overestimate the routine foraging behavior of bees under natural conditions [36].

At intermediate reaction distances, however, increases in the reaction distance lead to decreases in the maximum foraging distance because of increased evenness in the population distribution.

To preserve populations of endangered bee species, sound knowledge of their maximum foraging distance between nest and host plants is crucial.

There was no clear difference in foraging distances outward from shelterbelt versus riparian sites.

The maximum distance from which bees return after displacement varies widely from 200 m in Pithitis smaragdula [27] to 23 km in Euplusia surinamensis [28], [29], and is believed to be a good indicator for a species' maximum foraging range [30].

Although theoretical models [21] predict bumblebee foraging distances up to several kilometers away from the nest, empirical information is scarce and most measured foraging distances are below 1 km [1], [36].