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Secondary outcomes will include QoL during pregnancy, maternal state of health, and status of fetal development.
When Bonferroni correction was made on P values only maternal employment (Bonferroni corrected P value (b.p) = 0.04)), maternal state of not having daily exercise (bp = 0.02) and maternal supine position (b.p = 0.02) remained significantly associated with maternal perception of DFM.
Using a multivariate logistic regression, the maternal perception of DFM remained significantly associated with maternal employment (p = 0.004), the maternal state of not having daily exercise (p = 0.009) and maternal supine position (p = 0.001).
AAI - The Adult Attachment Interview and its respective scoring and classification system [ 70, 76] represent the "gold standard" for classifying maternal state of mind with regard to attachment (as F, Ds, E, U).
In our study, 59 healthy pregnant women (8.1%) reported DFM, which was significantly associated with maternal age older than 35 years (p = 0.007), delayed perception of first fetal movements (later than 19 gestational weeks) (p = 0.007), maternal employment (p = 0.002), work time duration more than 8 hours per day (p = 0.04), and maternal state of not having daily exercise (p = 0.001).
Similar(55)
By contrast, in complex cases, the maternal state consists of compound perturbations, such that it is often unclear which specific perturbations of the fetal environment are responsible for the adverse fetal outcomes [5], [6].
Fetal heart rate abnormalities are a common presenting feature of AFE, highlighting the sensitivity of the fetus to any compromise of the maternal state.
Even though the literature suggests that milk production and content vary throughout the day, as well as throughout lactation (Mitoulas et al. 2002), for the purposes of a PBPK model we assumed that lactational performance was constant, even over a wide range of maternal states (Butte et al. 1984).
Understanding of the mechanisms involved is hampered by difficulty in isolating individual elements of complex maternal states in vivo.
We were able to measure levels of several POPs in first-trimester maternal serum using state-of-the-art laboratory techniques, and we were able to assess the adverse effect of combined exposure to several contaminants.
In our study, some maternal and fetal factors were associated with this perception of DFM, but the three factors that remained independently associated with a perception DFM were maternal employment, the state of not having daily exercise and maternal supine position when counting the fetal movements.
Related(20)
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