In this study, we found that both C3 and Bf, the key factors functioning in the AP, are also present in the newly fertilized eggs of D. rerio, providing the first evidence for a maternal transfer of the complement proteins in zebrafish.
Maternal transfer of Se by G. carolinensis also greatly exceeded the Se concentrations maternally transferred by female reptiles, birds, and fish studied at the same site.
Maternal transfer of fatty acids is important to fetal brain development.
The results shown that the maternal transfer of genes and proteins both existed in turbot.
While, IgM and lyzozyme had a much higher concentration at 5 dpf in the embryos from vaccinated broodstocks, and we concluded that vaccinating broodstocks enhanced the production or maternal transfer of IgM and lyzozyme.
Throughout the study, it was concluded that vaccinating broodstocks could strength the maternal transfer of immune factors in gene and protein level, and the gene expression level during hatching was also enhanced at the early stage of development.
In this study, maternal transfer of FM 550 components, and in some cases their metabolites, was investigated in dosed Wistar rats.
Due to the exposure of the sea urchin eggs against the environmental pathogens, maternal transfer of immune parameters, especially antimicrobial peptides is not out of mind.
We also demonstrated that the eyes of newborn animals from highly sensitized parents were reactive to the first or second challenges toward the antigen [6, 100], suggesting maternal transfer of immunity and possible altered genomic stability of the fetus.
