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In particular, in mating systems where male post-copulatory intrasexual competition is high, relative testes size (testes mass controlled for body mass) is generally high [14].
controlled for age and body fat mass; controlled for gender and body fat mass; controlled for age and gender.
Testes mass controlled for body mass is correlated with sperm production rate in mammals [ 41], although similar data are unavailable for other taxa.
In species with a pattern of peak mass and mass recession, like Procellariiformes and Psittaciformes, body condition indices relative to age are more adequate than mass controlled for measures of body size.
Similar(56)
We analysed two measures of resistance: 1-proportion of leaf damage and final snail mass (controlling for initial snail mass).
Result of GWAS studies for ear type, body mass, and body mass controlling for ear type (drop, prick and intermediate).
They found a significant positive association between both the global cognitive performance score (Beta.12, p = .007) and MMSE (Beta.11, p = .009) and muscle mass, controlling for age and sex but not for prior cognition which we have shown to correlate with both brain and muscle size (Table 3).
Brain volume is negatively associated with migratory distance, when the allometric effect of body mass is controlled for (PGLS using single-source brain data: t = −5.47, P<0.0001, Partial R2 = 0.07, λ = 0.89, N = 351 species, Fig. 1).
Seasonal and diurnal variation in body mass was controlled for by excluding pregnant females, sampling only in the southern hemisphere spring and summer and measuring bats only after their gut was emptied by keeping them overnight in soft cotton bags.
The likelihood of a child being overweight increased with increasing maternal age, but not when maternal body mass index was controlled for, indicating that this result was explained by greater maternal body mass index in older mothers, rather than by maternal age in itself.
However, once maternal body mass index was controlled for, no significant association with maternal age was found for either children's body mass index or children's overweight (table 2).
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