Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
issue below
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "issue below" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to refer to a problem or topic that is mentioned later in the text or document. Example: "The court will address the issue below in the following sections of the ruling."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Academia
Alternative expressions(2)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
47 human-written examples
Above is a slide show of photographs that ran in the issue; below is a selection of other photographs that Polidori took in Cuba, both during and after his assignment with Goldberger.
News & Media
(We will return to this issue below, in section 2.4).
Science
We return to this issue below, where we discuss Peirce's existential graphs.
Science
We return to this issue below, in discussing ways to side-step contentious species designations in DNA barcoding (see the section on Biodiversity and DNA barcoding).
Science
We return to this issue below, but draw readers' attention to the fact that EBM arose out of very real value and ethical concerns and values remain intrinsic to the enterprise.
Science
We examine this issue below.
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
13 human-written examples
We examine these issues below, as well as the fundamental issue of whether there are propositions at all.
Science
Tell us your thoughts -- and how you've dealt with the four issues below -- in the comments.
News & Media
Many of the issues listed below are checked in Word.
(There are non-integrated approaches which address the issues from below).
Science
Combination of this effort with one of the issues mentioned below could provide an added value.
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "issue below" to clearly signal that you will address a particular topic or problem later in your writing. This helps to guide the reader and manage expectations.
Common error
Ensure the "issue" referenced by "issue below" is clearly defined or introduced beforehand, preventing confusion for the reader. Be specific about what you're referring to.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "issue below" functions as a transitional phrase used to direct the reader's attention to a specific topic or problem that will be addressed later in the text. Ludwig provides examples where this phrase is used in academic, news, and legal contexts, indicating its broad applicability.
Frequent in
Science
33%
News & Media
25%
Academia
25%
Less common in
Formal & Business
8%
Wiki
8%
Encyclopedias
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "issue below" is a grammatically correct and usable phrase to signal that a specific topic or problem will be discussed later in a text. Ludwig confirms this with real-world examples from diverse sources, including science, news media, and academia. To use this phrase effectively, ensure that the "issue" is clearly defined to avoid ambiguity. While "issue below" is not exceedingly common, it serves as a valuable tool for organization and coherence in formal writing. Alternatives like "matter below" or "topic below" can provide slight variations in emphasis, depending on the intended context.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
matter below
Replaces "issue" with the more general term "matter", slightly broadening the scope.
topic below
Substitutes "issue" with "topic", which is less specific and potentially less problematic in connotation.
subject below
Similar to "topic below", but implies a more formal or academic context.
point below
Focuses on a specific idea or argument that will be elaborated on.
item below
Highlights a specific element in a list or series.
problem discussed below
Emphasizes the problematic nature of the "issue", adding a layer of concern.
aspect below
Highlights a specific facet or angle of a broader subject.
area below
Refers to a specific field or domain that is being discussed.
the question addressed below
Frames the "issue" as a question that will be answered.
the challenge detailed below
Highlights the challenging nature of the "issue", signaling further elaboration.
FAQs
How can I use "issue below" in a sentence?
You can use "issue below" to refer to a topic or problem that will be discussed later in a text. For instance, "The court will address the "issue below" in the following sections of the ruling."
What are some alternatives to "issue below"?
Alternatives include "matter below", "topic below", or "the question addressed below". The choice depends on the specific context and the nuance you want to convey.
When is it appropriate to use "issue below" in writing?
It's appropriate to use "issue below" when you want to direct the reader's attention to a specific topic or problem that you will discuss in more detail later in the text. This is common in academic, legal, and formal writing.
How can I ensure clarity when using "issue below"?
To ensure clarity, clearly introduce or define the "issue" before referring to it as ""issue below"". This prevents any ambiguity about what you are referencing.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested