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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
involves the following
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "involves the following" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when introducing a list or details that are related to a specific topic or subject matter. Example: "The project involves the following steps: research, development, and testing."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Formal & Business
Alternative expressions(20)
includes the following
entails the following
comprises the following
includes the subsequent
comprises the subsequent elements
excluding the following
incorporates the following
introduces the following
consists of
lists the undermentioned items
presents the outlined segments
incorporating the following
contains the following
precludes the following
specifies the designated parts
covers the following
comprising the following
encompasses the following
integrates the following
combines the following
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
Methodology followed is a piecemeal research which involves the following stages.
Science
The scheme involves the following steps.
Science & Research
We present an active approach that involves the following steps.
Science
In practice, the process of setting up the protocol and generating models involves the following steps.
Science & Research
It is named as the inside-out grid-based method and involves the following four steps.
Science
The research activity being carried out by the various units of this group involves the following major topics:.
It involves the following three variables: (1) land type; (2) shape of objects; and (3) form and colour harmony.
Science
Checking for CP invariance involves the following imaginary process: First, take all particles and reverse their charge (the "C" part) from positive to negative or vice versa.
News & Media
Dressing when you're an older woman usually involves the following: dark colours, greater coverage and sober styles – and avoiding any claims to sexual attention (God forbid).
News & Media
The analog module involves the following units; an input instrumentation amplifier, gain adjustable amplifier, band-pass filter, and a driven-right-leg (DRL) circuit.
Science
The reaction is enormously accelerated by light and apparently involves the following steps: The magnetic properties of free radicals provide a powerful tool for their detection and study.
Encyclopedias
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "involves the following", ensure that the items listed are directly and clearly related to the subject being discussed. This helps maintain clarity and avoids confusion for the reader.
Common error
Avoid using "involves the following" if you cannot provide a comprehensive or well-defined list. If the list is partial or vague, it's better to use phrases like "may include" or "can involve".
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "involves the following" functions as an introductory phrase, typically preceding a list or series of items, steps, or components. Ludwig confirms its correct usage in various contexts, signifying that what follows is a detailed breakdown or enumeration.
Frequent in
Science
62%
News & Media
19%
Formal & Business
10%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
5%
Unknown/unmatched sources
4%
Social Media
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "involves the following" is a grammatically sound and frequently used expression to introduce lists or detailed explanations across diverse fields. As supported by Ludwig, it is suitable for formal and neutral contexts. The most common usage is in scientific and technical writing, followed by news and media. When employing this phrase, ensure that the subsequent list is clear, comprehensive, and relevant to maintain clarity and avoid ambiguity.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
includes the subsequent
Replaces 'following' with 'subsequent', implying a sequential order.
entails the succeeding
Substitutes 'involves' with 'entails' and 'following' with 'succeeding', both suggesting a necessary consequence.
comprises the ensuing
Uses 'comprises' in place of 'involves' and 'ensuing' for 'following', indicating a complete enumeration of components.
consists of the resulting
Employs 'consists of' and 'resulting' to convey the idea that the listed items are the outcome or components of something.
necessitates the outlined
Replaces 'involves' with 'necessitates', emphasizing a requirement, and 'following' with 'outlined', suggesting a pre-planned list.
requires the specified
Substitutes 'involves' with 'requires' and 'following' with 'specified', indicating a mandatory set of items.
calls for the listed
Uses 'calls for' instead of 'involves' and 'listed' in place of 'following', implying a demand or need for the items.
demands the exhibited
Replaces 'involves' with 'demands', suggesting a strong requirement, and 'following' with 'exhibited', referring to items that are shown or presented.
presupposes the indicated
Employs 'presupposes' to suggest a pre-existing condition and 'indicated' to point to specific items.
assumes the enumerated
Replaces 'involves' with 'assumes', implying a presumption, and 'following' with 'enumerated', suggesting a numbered list.
FAQs
What does "involves the following" mean?
The phrase "involves the following" is used to introduce a list of steps, components, or elements that are part of a process, activity, or concept. It signals that what follows is a breakdown or specification of what is included.
How can I use "involves the following" in a sentence?
You can use it to introduce a list of items. For example: "The project "involves the following" steps: planning, execution, and evaluation."
What are some alternatives to "involves the following"?
Some alternatives are "includes the following", "entails the following", or "comprises the following". The best choice depends on the specific context and the nuance you want to convey.
Is it better to use "includes the following" or "involves the following"?
Both phrases are acceptable. "Involves the following" suggests a more integral or necessary relationship between the subject and the listed items, while "includes the following" simply indicates that the items are part of the subject. Choose the phrase that best reflects the relationship you want to express.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested