Indeed, for the three modules we have investigated in detail, we have found an indirect regulation pathway between the regulator and the module genes.
MiRNAs can regulate mRNAs through binding to its 3′UTR, and can also regulate other miRNAs through indirect regulation.
In addition to indirect regulation through ARF, Twist may regulate p53 by a direct interaction, thereby preventing it from binding to DNA [ 49].
As most miRNAs have been characterized so far as negative regulators of gene expression, this suggest an indirect regulation between the miRNAs and module 29 genes.
Kindlins also regulate actin dynamics and cell spreading, presumably though an indirect regulation of Rho, Rac, and Cdc42.
But it may have achieved its main objective: to prepare the ground for more indirect regulation.
Some nonlinear systems with indirect regulation and delay argument are considered in [9, 10].
2) Indirect regulation via promoting translation of transcription factors required for gene activation such as IRF8 (Xu et al., 2012).
The main difference between the two models is that indirect regulation can reduce the government's social risk relatively.
For instance, [8] studied the indirect regulation on a nonlinear system with delay argument; [9] investigated the stabilization on a nonlinear system with time delay.
In this regard, we have previously reported an indirect regulation of γ-secretase through antagonism of CXCR2, a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR).
