inclusive of

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "inclusive of" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it to indicate that something includes the items listed and any unspecified items that may fall within the same category. For example, "The training course includes lectures, one-on-one tutoring, and exercises, inclusive of written assignments."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Formal & Business

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

"Cross-cultural is inclusive of both boxes".

The New York Times

Prices in March start from £536 return, inclusive of taxes.

The Guardian - Travel

"We want this to be inclusive of everyone.

The Guardian - Sport

Our fees are inclusive of rights 1-4 below.

The Guardian

Sunday at 7 p.m. Cover: $100, inclusive of dinner.

The New York Times

Recommended items include the chicken wings (Rs275 for half-portion inclusive of tax) and the chicken burger (Rs567 inclusive of tax).

The Guardian - Travel

Prices start at £432pp inclusive of all taxes, fees and charges.

The Guardian - Travel

Rates quoted below are inclusive of tax and service charge, with free Wi-Fi everywhere.

The Guardian - Travel

Thirteen-day tours inclusive of eight rounds can also be quoted.

The Guardian - Travel

All of these prices are inclusive of bills and are non-catered.

The Guardian

There is one major difference, though: Grace's rent is inclusive of energy bills.

The Guardian - Money

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Use "inclusive of" to clearly indicate that a list of items is not exhaustive, implying that other unmentioned items may also be included.

Common error

Avoid using "inclusive of" when the context already clearly implies inclusion. For example, instead of saying "The price is inclusive of taxes and fees, and other charges," simply state "The price includes taxes and fees."

Linguistic Context

The phrase "inclusive of" functions as a prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or noun phrase, indicating that certain elements are included within a larger whole. It emphasizes that the listed items are part of something, as demonstrated by Ludwig's examples.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

News & Media

43%

Science

34%

Formal & Business

14%

Less common in

Wiki

2%

Encyclopedias

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "inclusive of" is a grammatically sound and frequently used prepositional phrase. It is mainly used to indicate that specific items or aspects are part of a broader category or total, without excluding other unmentioned items. As Ludwig AI confirms, the phrase is widely accepted and versatile, appearing in varied contexts, ranging from News & Media to Science and Formal & Business documents. Alternatives like "including", "encompassing", and "comprising" can be used depending on the specific context. Remember to use "inclusive of" to clearly define what is incorporated within a scope while avoiding redundancy.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

including

A more concise and direct alternative, often used to introduce examples.

encompassing

Implies a broader scope of inclusion, suggesting a more comprehensive coverage.

comprising

Indicates that something is made up of the listed elements, often used when defining a whole.

incorporating

Suggests that something is integrated or made part of a larger system or entity.

consisting of

Specifies the components that make up a whole, focusing on composition.

integrating

Highlights the process of combining elements into a unified whole.

covering

Emphasizes the extent to which something is addressed or dealt with.

embracing

Suggests a more active and welcoming form of inclusion.

taking in

A more informal alternative suggesting acceptance and inclusion.

containing

Simply states that something holds or includes specified elements.

FAQs

How can I use "inclusive of" in a sentence?

Use "inclusive of" to indicate that something encompasses specific items or aspects, while also suggesting that there may be more. For instance, "The registration fee is inclusive of meals and accommodation."

What are some alternatives to "inclusive of"?

You can use alternatives like "including", "encompassing", or "comprising" depending on the specific context and desired nuance.

Is it more formal to say "inclusive of" or "includes"?

"Inclusive of" can sometimes sound more formal than "includes", but the difference is often negligible. Choose the option that fits best with the overall tone and style of your writing. In many cases, "includes" is perfectly acceptable and more concise.

When should I use "inclusive of" instead of "exclusive of"?

Use "inclusive of" when you want to emphasize that something is included within a total or category. Conversely, use "exclusive of" to indicate that something is specifically not included. For example, "The total cost, exclusive of shipping, is $50."