including whom

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "including whom" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when specifying individuals or groups that are part of a larger category or list, particularly when referring to people in a formal context. Example: "The committee will consist of several experts, including whom we have invited to speak at the conference."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Formal & Business

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

13 human-written examples

Users' personal information, including whom they share what with, is private by default.

The New York Times

Nothing has since been confirmed, including whom the All Blacks would beat – sorry, play – in the States.

The Guardian - Sport

Less is known about another assassination request cited in the book, including whom the target was or whether it took place.

The New York Times

First, users should be given greater access to and control over the information held about them, including whom it is shared with.

The Economist

In this case, Dr. Daddis posed 22 questions, including whom they have a crush on and what they text their beau.

The New York Times

Mr. Reagan's family helped outline the plans, including whom to invite and how to conduct what will be the first presidential state funeral in Washington in three decades.

The New York Times

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

43 human-written examples

Just a short list of who might write to whom could include: Whom would you add?

The New York Times

This included whom they were e-mailing with and which computers they were using.

The New Yorker

For the congenital prosopagnosics, mostly pictures of people were included whom they knew by name.

Plosone

Issues raised included whom to network with, how to tap into existing development initiatives and how to access poverty alleviation funds.

Unicef

In formal English, you should be sure to always include "whom" or "which" even when they are not essential to your meaning.

WikiHow

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Use "including whom" to introduce a restrictive clause that provides essential information about the people being included.

Common error

Avoid using "including whom" in casual conversations or informal writing. Opt for simpler alternatives like "including who" or "and" to maintain a natural tone.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "including whom" functions as a prepositional phrase introducing a relative clause. It specifies individuals or groups within a larger category. Ludwig confirms that it's generally considered grammatically correct.

Expression frequency: Uncommon

Frequent in

News & Media

45%

Science

35%

Formal & Business

10%

Less common in

Encyclopedias

5%

Wiki

5%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "including whom" is a grammatically sound phrase used to specify individuals within a larger group, predominantly in formal contexts. While correct, it should be used judiciously to avoid sounding overly stilted. Ludwig AI validates its correctness and highlights its presence across news, science, and business writing. Remember to consider simpler alternatives in informal settings and ensure it adds value to your sentence. Alternatives can be "comprising whom", "consisting of whom", or "namely" depending on the context.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

specifying whom

Highlights the act of making something clear and specific by naming individuals.

containing whom

Highlights the presence of specific individuals within a larger entity.

comprising whom

Replaces "including" with "comprising", focusing on composition.

consisting of whom

Emphasizes the elements that make up a group, replacing "including".

covering whom

Suggests a comprehensive inclusion of certain people.

embracing whom

Implies a broader inclusion, substituting "including" with a more encompassing term.

detailing whom

Emphasizes the provision of detailed information about the individuals involved.

involving whom

Shifts focus to participation, swapping "including" with a term indicating involvement.

listing whom

Focuses on enumeration, providing a list of individuals.

mentioning whom

Focuses on the act of naming or referring to specific individuals.

FAQs

How can I use "including whom" in a sentence?

Use "including whom" to add information about specific people within a larger group or category. For example, "The team consists of several members, including Jones, "whom we selected" for his expertise".

What's the difference between "including who" and "including whom"?

"Including who" is generally used in less formal contexts, while "including whom" is reserved for formal writing where you want to adhere strictly to grammatical rules regarding object pronouns.

What can I say instead of "including whom" in formal writing?

In formal writing, you can use alternatives such as "comprising "whom"", "consisting of "whom"", or "namely" depending on the context.

Is "including whom" always necessary in formal writing?

While grammatically correct, "including whom" can sometimes sound overly formal or stilted. Consider whether the formality is necessary for your audience and the overall tone of your writing, or if a simpler construction like "including those" is more appropriate.