Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
including those that are
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "including those that are" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it when you are referring to a group of things or people, and you want to note that the group includes some that already have a particular quality or attribute. For example, "The school invited all of the children in the neighborhood, including those that are homeschooled."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
Discard any mussels that float, including those that are closed2.
News & Media
"None of them, including those that are opposite the Northern Alliance, are immune in any way," he said.
News & Media
He said: "They are amenable to incorporation into lots of foods, including those that are heated - heating kills probiotics.
News & Media
The Dodd-Frank legislation gives the Fed oversight over the largest financial institutions, including those that are not banks.
News & Media
He expressed concern for the thousands of civilians stuck in the city, including those that are unable to walk out on their own — the elderly, disabled and pregnant.
News & Media
As it happens, we now have numerous furculae from a huge variety of dinosaurs, including those that are closest to the origin birds.
News & Media
Information from all points of view, including those that are unpopular with the mainstream of society, must be available to all, without surveillance or exposure.
News & Media
"We would hope that people in China would be able to have access to all forms of information that are out there, including those that are available online.
News & Media
Autism interferes with the early development of the brain, undermining many skills, including those that are the building blocks for language and social interaction.
News & Media
Much of the book argues that communities, including those that are African-American, need to take more responsibility for instilling both skills and values among their young.
News & Media
But the statute's definition of "sexually violent offenses" encompasses acts that do not involve physical force, including those that are criminal because they involve a minor.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "including those that are" to clarify that a general statement applies to a specific subset with particular characteristics. This helps to avoid ambiguity and adds precision to your writing.
Common error
Avoid using "including those that are" repetitively in close proximity. Vary your sentence structure by using alternatives like "especially", "particularly", or rephrasing to maintain reader engagement.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "including those that are" serves as a restrictive modifier, specifying a subset of a larger group. It clarifies the scope of a statement by indicating that some members of the larger group possess a particular attribute or characteristic. According to Ludwig, the phrase is grammatically correct and widely used.
Frequent in
News & Media
48%
Science
43%
Formal & Business
9%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "including those that are" is a grammatically correct and very common construction used to specify a subset within a larger group, as confirmed by Ludwig. It is versatile, appearing frequently in news, scientific, and business contexts. While generally neutral in register, it lends precision to writing. When using the phrase, ensure it adds clarity and is not overused to maintain the flow of your writing. Remember to consider alternatives like "especially" or "particularly" for variety. The phrase is widely recognized and can be used with confidence across diverse writing scenarios.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
including those which are
Replaces 'that' with 'which', slightly altering the grammatical construction while maintaining the same meaning.
especially those that are
Adds emphasis by using 'especially', highlighting a particular subset.
particularly those that are
Similar to 'especially', 'particularly' draws attention to a specific subset.
notably those that are
'Notably' points out specific examples that are worthy of attention within the group.
among them, those that are
Shifts the sentence structure to start with a broader group and then specifies a subset.
inclusive of those that are
Replaces 'including' with 'inclusive of', offering a more formal tone.
comprising those that are
Uses 'comprising' to indicate that the mentioned subset is part of the whole.
embracing those that are
Offers a more encompassing perspective by suggesting that everything is integrated, this means it provides a more comprehensive inclusion.
incorporating those that are
Highlights the aspect of integration of a set of elements with certain characteristics into a larger structure.
containing those that are
Focuses on the characteristic of having some elements within a larger entity that share qualities or conditions.
FAQs
How do I use "including those that are" in a sentence?
Use "including those that are" to specify a subset of items or individuals within a larger group that possess a particular attribute. For example, "The invitation extends to all residents, "including those that are" temporarily away."
What are some alternatives to "including those that are"?
You can use alternatives such as "especially", "particularly", or "notably" to introduce specific examples. For instance, instead of saying "All members are invited, "including those that are" new", you could say "All members are invited, especially new ones."
Is it better to use "including those that are" or "such as"?
"Including those that are" indicates that the items mentioned are part of a larger, defined group. "Such as" introduces examples but doesn't necessarily imply the examples are an exhaustive subset. Choose the phrase that best reflects your intended meaning.
Can I use "including those that are" at the beginning of a sentence?
While grammatically possible, starting a sentence with "including those that are" can sound awkward. It is generally better to place it within the sentence to provide context. For example, instead of "Including those that are seniors, all students are welcome", write "All students, "including those that are" seniors, are welcome."
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested