Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
in vitro analyses
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "in vitro analyses" is correct and usable in written English.
It is typically used in scientific contexts to refer to experiments conducted outside of a living organism, often in a controlled environment like a laboratory. Example: "The researchers conducted in vitro analyses to study the effects of the drug on cancer cells."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
Unfortunately, research progress is stalled at in vitro analyses of myotubes derived from rodent tissues.
The first step of this kind of investigations is in vitro analyses, e.g., mitochondrial activity.
Science
Human toxicology data were found to be limited to in vitro analyses, indicating substantial knowledge gaps.
Science
Finally, we show that tandem fluorescent protein tags enable single-molecule, in vitro analyses of extracted, mammalian-expressed proteins.
Science
The Borgwaldt RM20S smoking machine (RM20S) enables the serial dilution and delivery of cigarette smoke to exposure chambers for in vitro analyses.
Science
First, our in vitro analyses of cerebellar tissues showed that humans had higher B max values (186 ± 11.6 nM) than monkeys (120 ± 8.6 nM).
Science
In vitro analyses, however, may not accurately represent in vivo function.
Science
In vitro analyses showed that Cthrc1 stimulated osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.
Science
Our in vitro analyses confirmed that WT S. pombe Dis3 protein does indeed retain RNase activity.
Science
For statistical comparisons, 2-tailed and paired t tests were used for the in vitro analyses.
Science
The results of quantitative in vitro analyses are presented as the mean and SD.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When writing scientific papers, use "in vitro analyses" to clearly indicate that the experiments were performed outside a living organism. This helps differentiate your work from in vivo studies.
Common error
Avoid using "in vitro analyses" when you mean "in vivo analyses". "In vitro" refers to studies conducted outside a living organism (e.g., in a test tube or cell culture), while "in vivo" refers to studies conducted within a living organism (e.g., in animal models).
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "in vitro analyses" functions as a noun phrase, typically serving as the subject or object of a sentence within scientific or medical literature. Ludwig AI indicates that this phrase is widely accepted and used in its intended context.
Frequent in
Science
100%
Less common in
News & Media
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Academia
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "in vitro analyses" is a well-established and frequently used noun phrase in scientific literature, denoting experiments conducted outside of a living organism. As confirmed by Ludwig AI, this phrase is grammatically sound and widely accepted within the scientific community. Its primary function is to clearly and precisely describe methodologies and findings in a formal and scientific register. While mainly confined to scientific contexts, understanding its meaning and proper usage is crucial for anyone involved in biological, medical, or related research fields. Related terms include "laboratory analyses" and "cell-based assays".
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
in vitro assessments
Replaces "analyses" with "assessments", maintaining the "in vitro" context but changing the action.
laboratory analyses
Replaces "in vitro" with a more general term for laboratory work, maintaining the focus on analytical procedures.
test tube studies
Emphasizes the experimental aspect of "in vitro" work, highlighting the use of test tubes as a setting.
cell-based assays
Focuses on the use of cells in the analyses, specifying the biological component involved.
biochemical assays
Highlights the biochemical nature of the analyses, referring to the study of chemical processes within cells.
cell culture experiments
Replaces "analyses" with "experiments" and specifies the context as cell culture, emphasizing the experimental nature.
cell-free system analyses
Specifies that the analyses are conducted in a cell-free system, focusing on isolated components.
acellular analyses
Highlights that the analysis is performed without cells, contrasting with cellular analyses.
benchtop analyses
Refers to analyses performed in a laboratory setting, highlighting the practical, hands-on nature.
isolated system analyses
Broader term indicating analyses within a controlled, non-living system.
FAQs
What does "in vitro analyses" mean?
"In vitro analyses" refers to experiments or studies conducted outside of a living organism, typically in a controlled laboratory environment using components of an organism, like cells or tissues.
How do "in vitro analyses" differ from "in vivo analyses"?
"In vitro analyses" are performed outside a living organism, while "in vivo analyses" are conducted within a living organism. This distinction is crucial in biological and medical research.
What are some examples of "in vitro analyses"?
Examples of "in vitro analyses" include cell culture studies, biochemical assays, and experiments performed on tissue samples outside of the body.
When should I use "in vitro analyses" in my writing?
Use "in vitro analyses" when describing research that involves experiments conducted outside of a living organism. This term provides clarity and precision in scientific communication.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested