having undergone

USAGE SUMMARY

"having undergone" is a correct and usable construction in written English.
It is known as a perfect participle or a past participle with the auxiliary verb "having." It is often used to indicate that an action or event was completed before another action or event in the past. Here is an example sentence: "Having undergone intense training, she was well-prepared for the marathon." (In this sentence, the intense training occurred before the marathon, and the perfect participle "having undergone" indicates that the training was completed before the marathon took place.).

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

He would neither confirm nor deny having undergone cosmetic surgery.

The New Yorker

Will not compete indoors, having undergone post-Olympic surgery.

Independent

This week she unveiled her new face having undergone the most comprehensive facial transplant ever undertaken.

The Guardian

Approximately 85percentt of those who come for consultations leave Nashville having undergone the surgery.

The New York Times - Magazine

She once spent a year living there as a man, having undergone sex reassignment.

The Guardian - Lifestyle

Caitlyn Jenner's acknowledgment, in 2015, of having undergone facial feminization brought unprecedented attention to the process.

The New Yorker

Mr. Bush, a United Methodist, has spoken about having undergone a conversion experience.

The New York Times

After six days in intensive care she regained consciousness, having undergone four operations on her legs.

The Guardian

Is unlikely to be seen in the indoor season, having undergone post-Olympic surgery.

Independent

Morale at the time was low with the Council having undergone a number of cuts.

Independent

Only 39 of the 52 victims are officially confirmed dead, with their bodies having undergone an autopsy.

The New York Times

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "having undergone", ensure the main verb in your sentence clearly indicates the result or consequence of the action that was undergone. This clarifies the relationship between the two events.

Common error

Avoid ambiguity by placing "having undergone" close to the noun or pronoun it modifies. Ensure it's clear who or what experienced the action.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "having undergone" functions as a perfect participle phrase, modifying a noun or pronoun to indicate that an action was completed before the main action of the sentence. Ludwig shows numerous examples of this usage across various contexts.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

Science

35%

News & Media

33%

Formal & Business

12%

Less common in

Encyclopedias

7%

Wiki

7%

Social Media

6%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "having undergone" is a grammatically sound and versatile phrase used to indicate the completion of an action or experience prior to another event. According to Ludwig, it's recognized as a perfect participle phrase suitable for both formal and informal contexts. While commonly found in scientific and news reporting, its clear and concise nature makes it valuable across various types of writing. Remember to place it carefully to avoid ambiguity and always ensure a clear link between the action undergone and its subsequent consequences.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

after experiencing

Emphasizes the experience itself as the preceding event, rather than just the completion of a process.

following completion of

Highlights the completion of a structured task or process, often in formal settings.

subsequent to experiencing

Formal and emphasizes temporal sequence, less focused on the impact of the experience.

post-

Short and often used in technical or medical contexts to indicate something done after a procedure or event.

after the completion of

Highlights the completion of an event before something else occurs.

once subjected to

Implies the subject was forced to endure an action.

having been subjected to

Passive voice construction, focusing on the subject receiving the action.

with the benefit of

Highlights gained information, skill or advantage after experience

in the wake of

Indicates an immediate effect or consequence derived from a specific action.

previous to

Refers to some action or status happened prior to some event.

FAQs

How to use "having undergone" in a sentence?

Use "having undergone" to show that someone or something has experienced a process or event before another action. For example, "Having undergone surgery, he needed physical therapy."

What can I say instead of "having undergone"?

You can use alternatives like "after experiencing", "following completion of", or "subsequent to experiencing" depending on the context.

Which is correct, "having undergone" or "undergoing"?

"Having undergone" indicates a completed action before something else, while "undergoing" describes an action in progress. Choose "having undergone" if the action finished before the main verb's action.

What's the difference between "having undergone" and "after undergoing"?

"Having undergone" is a more concise participial phrase. "After undergoing" is a prepositional phrase that can sometimes provide more clarity depending on the sentence structure. Semantically both are very similar.