Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
has fluctuated between
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "has fluctuated between" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to describe a situation where a value or condition has varied or changed within a specific range over time. Example: "The temperature has fluctuated between 60 and 75 degrees throughout the week."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Alternative expressions(2)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
32 human-written examples
Whedon's career has fluctuated between success and failure.
News & Media
CPI inflation has fluctuated between 1 and 1.5 per cent in the past year.
News & Media
Since the 1980s, female gun ownership has fluctuated between 9% and 14% in annual surveys.
News & Media
And talking his talk can hardly be an issue with a character whose accent has fluctuated between Sean Connery's Scottish brogue and Timothy Dalton's Welsh.
News & Media
In the last two years, her Body Mass Index (BMI) has fluctuated between 11 and 12, representing an increased risk of sudden cardiac death.
News & Media
It now has offices in Red Bank, N.J., and in Washington, and has fluctuated between five and 15 employees depending on work flow.
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
26 human-written examples
Politicians too have fluctuated between the two positions.
News & Media
Applications have fluctuated between 360,000 and 390,000 since January.
News & Media
They have fluctuated between 360,000 and 390,000 for most of last year.
News & Media
Although temporarily diminished by the global recession, deforestation rates in Brazil have fluctuated between 10,000 and 20,000 square kilometers per year.
News & Media
He said the number of Haitians intercepted at sea -- 149 in February -- was in line with previous years, when annual totals have fluctuated between 1,000 and 2,000.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "has fluctuated between", ensure you provide specific numerical or qualitative ranges to give your audience a clear understanding of the extent of the variation.
Common error
Avoid using "has fluctuated between" without clearly defining the upper and lower limits. For example, instead of saying "the price has fluctuated between gains and losses", specify "the price has fluctuated between a 5% gain and a 3% loss".
Source & Trust
87%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "has fluctuated between" functions as a verb phrase indicating that a subject has varied or changed irregularly within defined limits. It specifies a range of values or conditions, as confirmed by examples in Ludwig.
Frequent in
News & Media
60%
Science
30%
Encyclopedias
5%
Less common in
Wiki
2%
Formal & Business
2%
Reference
1%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "has fluctuated between" is a versatile verb phrase used to describe irregular variations within a defined range. Ludwig confirms that this phrase is grammatically correct and commonly used across various contexts, including News & Media and Science. While alternatives like "has varied from" or "has ranged from" exist, ""has fluctuated between"" is often preferred for its emphasis on erratic change. Ensure to provide specific ranges to enhance clarity and avoid vagueness. Ludwig AI underscores its usability and correctness in written English.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
has varied from
This alternative uses "varied" instead of "fluctuated", suggesting a similar but potentially less erratic change.
has ranged from
This alternative uses "ranged" to indicate the limits within which something has moved, similar to "fluctuated".
has oscillated between
This phrase uses "oscillated", implying a more rhythmic and regular pattern of movement between two points.
has swung between
This alternative suggests a larger, more dramatic change between two extremes.
has moved between
This phrase is a more general way of expressing movement between two states or values.
has shifted between
This alternative implies a change in position or emphasis between two points.
has alternated between
This phrase suggests a regular pattern of switching back and forth between two options.
has wavered between
This alternative implies uncertainty or indecision while moving between two options.
has seesawed between
Similar to "swung between", this phrase suggests a back-and-forth movement like a seesaw.
has bounced between
This alternative uses "bounced" to suggest a more abrupt and less controlled movement.
FAQs
How can I use "has fluctuated between" in a sentence?
Use "has fluctuated between" to describe a value or condition that has varied within a specific range over a period of time. For instance, "The stock price "has fluctuated between" $50 and $60 this week".
What are some alternatives to "has fluctuated between"?
You can use alternatives like "has varied from", "has ranged from", or "has oscillated between" depending on the context and the nuance you want to convey.
Is it correct to say "has fluctuated from" instead of "has fluctuated between"?
While "has fluctuated from" might be understood, ""has fluctuated between"" is more precise because it explicitly indicates the presence of both a lower and upper bound within which the value has moved.
What's the difference between "has fluctuated between" and "has varied between"?
"Has fluctuated between" implies a more erratic and less predictable pattern of change within the range, whereas "has varied between" is a more general term for any kind of change within a range.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
87%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested