Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
has been attested
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
"has been attested" is a correct and commonly used phrase in written English.
It means that something has been verified or confirmed to be true or accurate. It can be used in various contexts, such as historical documents, legal statements, or scientific research. Example: The existence of unicorns has been attested in ancient Greek myths and medieval manuscripts, but has yet to be proven by scientific evidence.
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Encyclopedias
Wiki
Alternative expressions(20)
has been confirmed
has been verified
has been substantiated
has been demonstrated
has been validated
has been proven
has been established
has been corroborated
has been certified
evidence suggests
has been successfully deployed
has been reconfirmed
has been successfully removed
has been checked
has been reaffirmed
has been successfully done
has been successfully checked
has been assessed
has been evaluated
has been tested
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
21 human-written examples
The electric quality of his personality has been attested by his contemporaries.
Encyclopedias
Likewise, the rise of Holocaust denial among Palestinian citizens of Israel has been attested by recent opinion polls.
News & Media
The handwriting matches other documents written by Maxwell and its authenticity has been attested to by Jones.
News & Media
Numerical examples of four-equal-span and three-unequal-span plates have been presented and the accuracy of results reported in the literature has been attested.
HBO's movie "Recount" has fewer shrinks than "The Sopranos" and fewer laughs than "Curb Your Enthusiasm," but its over-all factual accuracy has been attested to by close observers of the events it portrays.
News & Media
Is it filled exclusively with people pulled from the battlefield whose role in Al Qaeda has been attested to by witnesses — witnesses who are then kept out of court on undefined technicalities?
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
39 human-written examples
Eichmann, we are now told, had been attested to be "a man obsessed with a dangerous and insatiable urge to kill," "a dangerous, perverted, sadistic personality".
News & Media
The benefits of the self-segregated life have been attested to by the fact that Eatonville produced Hurston herself: a black writer uniquely whole-souled and self-possessed and imbued with (in Alice Walker's phrase) "racial health".
News & Media
PEG-polymers have been attested in sensing applications due to their capability to enhance sensitivity and specificity.
Science
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have been attested with the versatile preparation methods towards their potential applications in interdisciplinary sciences.
Science
In historical linguistics, reconstructed (or otherwise unattested) forms are preceded by *, to distinguish them from forms which have been attested in speech or writing.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When employing "has been attested", ensure the source or basis of the attestation is clear to maintain credibility. Mentioning the source of confirmation enhances the statement's reliability.
Common error
Avoid using "has been attested" in casual or informal writing. Opt for simpler alternatives like "confirmed" or "proven" to maintain a natural tone. Overusing formal language can make your writing sound stilted.
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "has been attested" functions as a passive voice construction, indicating that something has been verified or confirmed. As Ludwig AI confirms, it's used to convey that evidence or reliable sources support a particular claim. Examples show its use in diverse contexts, from historical linguistics to scientific research.
Frequent in
Science
47%
News & Media
28%
Wiki
14%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
9%
Formal & Business
1%
Reference
1%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "has been attested" is a grammatically correct and commonly used expression that signifies something has been verified or confirmed. As Ludwig AI points out, it is particularly prevalent in formal and scientific contexts, as seen in the many science articles where the expression frequently appears. While it conveys authority, it should be avoided in informal settings where simpler alternatives may be more appropriate. The phrase's usage is well-supported by evidence from a variety of authoritative sources, and its meaning can be closely approximated by synonyms like "has been confirmed" or "has been verified".
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
has been confirmed
Replaces 'attested' with 'confirmed', implying a stronger verification.
has been verified
Substitutes 'attested' with 'verified', suggesting a check for accuracy.
has been substantiated
Uses 'substantiated' instead of 'attested', emphasizing proof or evidence.
has been demonstrated
Replaces 'attested' with 'demonstrated', highlighting a showing or proving.
has been validated
Substitutes 'attested' with 'validated', implying formal approval or confirmation.
has been proven
Uses 'proven' instead of 'attested', indicating conclusive evidence.
has been established
Replaces 'attested' with 'established', suggesting a firm or accepted fact.
has been corroborated
Substitutes 'attested' with 'corroborated', emphasizing supporting evidence from multiple sources.
has been certified
Uses 'certified' instead of 'attested', implying official endorsement.
evidence suggests
This alternative shifts from a passive to an active voice, focusing on what the evidence indicates.
FAQs
How can I use "has been attested" in a sentence?
Use "has been attested" to indicate that something has been confirmed or verified, typically through evidence or reliable sources. For instance, "The accuracy of the data "has been attested" by multiple independent studies."
What are some alternatives to "has been attested"?
Alternatives include "has been confirmed", "has been verified", or "has been substantiated", depending on the specific nuance you want to convey.
Which is more appropriate, "has been attested" or "was attested"?
"Has been attested" is used when the attestation continues to be relevant to the present. "Was attested" is used when the attestation occurred in the past and may no longer be relevant.
Is it redundant to say "has been clearly attested"?
While not strictly redundant, "clearly attested" can sometimes be unnecessary. "Attested" already implies a degree of confirmation. Consider whether adding "clearly" strengthens the statement or simply adds unnecessary emphasis.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested