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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
had only concluded
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "had only concluded" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to indicate that something was recently finished or decided, often in a context where the timing is relevant to the discussion. Example: "After a long debate, we had only concluded our meeting just before the storm hit."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Wiki
Alternative expressions(2)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
1 human-written examples
However, Mr Brown had not been told that an earlier version of the peer's legal opinion had only concluded that a case "could be made" that the invasion was within the law.
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
59 human-written examples
Efforts have been made along this line but have only concluded that institutions spread through organizational networks.
The Balkan Wars had only just concluded and Serbia was still recovering.
Wiki
France had only recently concluded negotiations for recognition of Gen. Kassem.
News & Media
Macworld Expo has only just concluded, but rumors are already swirling about new Apple products and the company's next move.
News & Media
(An interesting coincidence that the all-women Julius Caesar has only just concluded its St. Ann's Warehouse run).
News & Media
Furthermore, the PedsQL™ 3.0 Cancer Module' is currently undergoing validation processes in a number of countries, which have only been concluded in Germany thus far [ 33].
After analyzing the image, an international team of astronomers at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics has not only concluded that the center of the galaxy is a dramatic place, but that Sagittarius A* may be partly to blame for the tumult. .
News & Media
Utilizing a combined approach and analyzing biological and biochemical aspects of transmission, we have not only concluded that UK-1 and UK-2 are scrapie, but we are able to hypothesize that each isolate comprised two strains that most likely coexisted in the natural host based on the wild-type and particularly the transgenic mouse data.
Science
Officers who were involved said the man was holding a gun, but a department review concluded he had only a radio with him.
News & Media
Anelka, 33, passed a series of medical tests in Turin last week but the deal - which includes an option for a further year - has only now been concluded.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "had only concluded" when you want to emphasize the recentness of a conclusion or decision, particularly in relation to subsequent events. It helps to create a sense of timing and consequence.
Common error
Avoid using "only" excessively in your writing. While "had only concluded" is grammatically sound, too many instances of "only" can make your writing sound repetitive and restrictive. Vary your language for a smoother flow.
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "had only concluded" functions as part of the past perfect tense, indicating an action that was completed before another action in the past. Ludwig confirms its grammatical correctness and usability. For example, "The Balkan Wars had only just concluded..."
Frequent in
News & Media
45%
Science
40%
Wiki
10%
Less common in
Formal & Business
3%
Encyclopedias
1%
Reference
1%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "had only concluded" is a grammatically sound construction used to emphasize the recency of a completed action or decision relative to another event. As Ludwig confirms, it's perfectly acceptable in written English and is used across various contexts, particularly in news, science, and wiki sources. While it may lean towards formality, it remains versatile enough for neutral writing. When using this phrase, be mindful of overusing "only" in your writing and explore alternatives like "had just finished" or "had recently completed" to add variety to your language. Use "had only concluded" to clearly link the timing of a finished action with its subsequent consequences.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
had just finished
Emphasizes the recent completion of an action; uses "just" for immediacy.
had recently completed
Highlights the recent completion with more formal language.
had barely finished
Stresses that the action concluded very shortly before another event.
had scarcely completed
Similar to "barely finished", but more formal.
had simply finalized
Focuses on the act of finalization without emphasizing time.
had merely decided
Highlights that a decision was recently made, possibly implying it was a basic or simple decision.
had only just wrapped up
Uses a more informal and colloquial expression for finishing something.
had shortly determined
Focuses on the determination or conclusion reached close to the present moment.
had definitively resolved
Emphasizes a firm resolution that has recently been reached.
had ultimately ascertained
Highlights the result of an investigation that has recently been determined.
FAQs
How can I use "had only concluded" in a sentence?
Use "had only concluded" to indicate that an action or process recently finished, often implying a connection to a following event. For example: "After a long debate, they "had only concluded" the meeting when the news broke".
What are some alternatives to "had only concluded"?
You can use alternatives such as "had just finished", "had recently completed", or "had barely finished" depending on the specific nuance you want to convey.
Is "had only concluded" formal or informal?
"Had only concluded" is generally considered neutral to slightly formal. It is suitable for both news articles and academic papers. More informal alternatives might include "had just wrapped up".
What is the difference between "had concluded" and "had only concluded"?
"Had concluded" simply indicates that something was finished, while ""had only concluded"" emphasizes the recent completion of the action, suggesting that it finished very shortly before another event or consideration.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested