Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
had been merged
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
"had been merged" is a correct and usable part of a sentence in written English.
It is the past perfect tense of the verb "to merge" and is used to indicate that the merging had already been completed before another past event. An example of using "had been merged" in a sentence could be: "By the time the new company was established, all of the smaller businesses had been merged into one." This sentence indicates that the merging of the smaller businesses occurred before the establishment of the new company.
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Academia
Alternative expressions(18)
had been consolidated
had been integrated
were merged
had been incorporated
had been attached
had been combined
had been melted
had been presented
had been gathered
had been categorized
had been relocated
had been organised
had been disaggregated
had been assembled
had been separated
had been connected
had been accommodated
had been comprised
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
35 human-written examples
(We note that closed issues were considered as closed because they were the result of merged pull requests. The branch of the pull request had been merged with the main branch and, as a result, those issues were considered closed).
It had been merged with the sunroom, making it the size of a Manhattan studio apartment.
News & Media
Ronaldo has previously won the Ballon d'Or three times, the last in 2014 when it had been merged with the Fifa world player of the year accolade.
News & Media
Dishes from each operation had been merged into a single menu, all available from the Graffiato kitchen, the only one still active at the Eatery on Thursday.
News & Media
The university, into which preexisting institutions of higher learning had been merged in 1803, became especially distinguished for teaching on economic and maritime subjects.
Encyclopedias
Until 1964 Scotland had four stock exchanges, in Glasgow, Edinburgh, Aberdeen and Dundee; by 1973 all had been merged into the London exchange.
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
25 human-written examples
But since slightly less PDSs are produced for merged pathways, they must have been merged into the other PDSs.
Science
Many categories have been merged.
News & Media
The cases, which have been merged, are pending.
News & Media
Their multiple jobs have been merged into general communications.
News & Media
Many have been merged or "privatised" in all but name.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "had been merged" to clearly indicate that the merging action was completed before a specific point in the past. This clarifies the sequence of events for the reader.
Common error
Avoid using "had been merged" when the merging action is ongoing or has not yet been completed. Use the appropriate present or future tense instead to maintain accuracy.
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "had been merged" functions as a passive verb construction in the past perfect tense. It signifies that an action of merging occurred and was completed prior to another event or time in the past, according to Ludwig.
Frequent in
News & Media
32%
Science
30%
Academia
19%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
5%
Wiki
8%
Formal & Business
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "had been merged" is a grammatically sound and versatile phrase used to express the completed combination of two or more entities before a specific point in the past. According to Ludwig, it finds common application across diverse fields, from science and academia to news and media. While alternatives exist to subtly alter the meaning, the phrase's core function remains consistent. Remembering to use the correct tense and context ensures clear and effective communication.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
had been consolidated
Focuses on strengthening by combining elements.
had been integrated
Emphasizes the unification of separate components into a cohesive whole.
had been unified
Highlights the act of becoming one.
had been amalgamated
Implies a blending or mixing together.
had been incorporated
Suggests including something as part of a larger whole.
had been fused
Conveys a strong and irreversible union.
had been joined
Indicates a connection or linking of two or more things.
had been linked
Highlights the establishment of a connection between entities.
had been blended
Focuses on mixing elements to create a new entity.
had been attached
Indicates a physical or conceptual joining.
FAQs
How is "had been merged" used in a sentence?
Use "had been merged" to indicate that two or more things combined into one at some point in the past, before another action took place. For example, "The two departments "had been merged" before the new director arrived".
What are some alternatives to "had been merged"?
You can use alternatives such as "had been consolidated", "had been integrated", or "had been unified" depending on the context.
When should I use "had been merged" instead of "was merged"?
"Had been merged" indicates an action completed before another point in the past. "Was merged" simply indicates an action in the past. For example, "The accounts "were merged" last year." vs. "The accounts "had been merged" before the audit began".
Is "had been merged" formal or informal?
"Had been merged" is appropriate for both formal and informal contexts, making it a versatile choice for various writing styles.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested