Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
had been compiled
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "had been compiled" is correct and usable in written English.
It is typically used to indicate that something was gathered or assembled in the past before another event or time. Example: "The report had been compiled over several months, incorporating data from various sources."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Encyclopedias
Alternative expressions(20)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
The data had been compiled over the previous decade.
News & Media
The list had been compiled by a private contractor for the State of Florida.
News & Media
Much of it reads as though it had been compiled from newspaper archives.
News & Media
More than 10,500 people voted, choosing from a shortlist of games that had been compiled by the awards judges.
News & Media
Negroponte, soon to be our man in Baghdad working with the U.N., said that no such list had been compiled.
News & Media
The book had been compiled by a colleague of Borneman's, who was also his lover at the time.
News & Media
Poland's list of proposed power plants had been compiled without checking the eligibility criteria, the source added.
News & Media
The inquiry was also told of a dossier that had been compiled by Julian Pike, a solicitor from the firm Farrar, who then had NI as a client.
News & Media
These books had been compiled by individual connoisseurs, the value of whose judgment rested solely on the authority attributed to them by the art world of their time.
Encyclopedias
The documents had been compiled during a six-year investigation into allegations that BAE had paid bribes around the world to secure lucrative arms contracts.
News & Media
After Taylor reported, Bettison showed MPs at Westminster a video about the disaster that had been compiled by the South Yorkshire force.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "had been compiled" to clearly indicate that a set of information or data was gathered and organized before a specific point in time. This helps establish a timeline of events.
Common error
Avoid using "had been compiled" when simply stating that something is compiled now. "Has been compiled" or "was compiled" might be more appropriate depending on the context.
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "had been compiled" functions as a verb phrase in the past perfect passive voice. It indicates that an action of compiling was completed before a specific point in the past. As Ludwig indicates, the phrase is correct and usable in written English.
Frequent in
News & Media
42%
Science
28%
Encyclopedias
7%
Less common in
Wiki
7%
Formal & Business
5%
Academia
3%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "had been compiled" is a grammatically sound and frequently used past perfect passive construction, indicating that something was gathered and organized before a certain point in the past. Ludwig confirms its correctness and usability. It appears commonly across news, scientific, and encyclopedic sources, highlighting its versatility and formality. When using this phrase, ensure it correctly represents the timeline of events and consider related phrases like "was assembled" or "was gathered" for alternative phrasing. Avoid using it when referring to present compilation.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
was collected
Emphasizes the gathering of various pieces of information before organization.
was gathered
Similar to "was collected", but implies a more informal or less structured gathering process.
was assembled
Focuses on the action of putting things together in a structured way, rather than gathering information specifically.
was put together
Emphasizes the action of creating something from different components.
was created
Focuses on the act of bringing something new into existence, which may involve compilation.
was prepared
Highlights the readiness or suitability of something after it has been compiled.
was generated
Implies that the information was produced through a specific process, often automated.
was put in order
Emphasizes the organization aspect of bringing things in right order.
was drafted
Focuses on the initial writing or outlining stage of creating a document.
was developed
Suggests a gradual and iterative process of improvement and refinement.
FAQs
How can I use "had been compiled" in a sentence?
Use "had been compiled" to indicate that information was gathered and organized before a specific event or time. For example: "The report "had been compiled" before the meeting."
What's the difference between "was compiled" and "had been compiled"?
"Was compiled" refers to a single action in the past, whereas "had been compiled" indicates that the compilation was completed before another event in the past. The choice depends on whether you need to establish a sequence of past events.
What can I say instead of "had been compiled"?
You can use alternatives like "was assembled", "was gathered", or "was prepared", depending on the specific nuance you want to convey.
Is "had been compile" grammatically correct?
No, "had been compile" is grammatically incorrect. The correct form is ""had been compiled"", using the past participle form of the verb 'compile'.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested