Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
foregoing studies
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "foregoing studies" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to refer to studies or research that have been mentioned earlier in a text or discussion. Example: "Based on the foregoing studies, we can conclude that further research is necessary to validate these findings."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
Academia
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
19 human-written examples
The kinetic pathway is investigated, by analysing the compositions of samples prepared at different cathode potentials, and compared against the results from foregoing studies.
Science
Despite the differences in the study populations, the relatively consistent negative results of the foregoing studies suggest the diagnostic accuracy of CRP adds little to the assessment of these patients.
Yet in both of the foregoing studies, the CO values were roughly estimated at only 50%% of the value in the healthy children investigated by Salim et al. (5.2 ± 1.4 L/min/m2).
Science
It is commonly accepted in the foregoing studies that a magnetic cloud (MC) is involved which originated from a coronal mass ejection (CME) on 15 March 2015 from AR 12297 and arrived at 1 AU on 17 March.
Science
It can be seen from the foregoing studies that there are landslides in the NSCS which are unstable submarine areas of South China Sea and origins of potential local tsunamis.
Science
The foregoing studies (Gopalswamy et al. 2015; Kataoka et al. 2015; Liu et al. 2015; Cho et al. 2016; Wang et al. 2016) agree that a halo CME associated with a C9.1 flare which started at 01 15 UT on 15 March in AR 12297 (S22W25) was the solar source event of the MC.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
41 human-written examples
The time of observation (day 7) was determined according to the results in our foregoing study [ 8].
Only one foregoing study has used such a setup to explore whether connectivity deficits are related to deficient plasticity of intra- and inter-hemispheric connectivities in schizophrenia patients.
Our foregoing study suggested that aging goes with a decrease in variability between individuals [ 10] while the present study suggests that both decrease and increase in variation between individuals can occur depending on the tissue and probe used.
Science
Secondly, we performed PCR analyses concerning only type-2 collagen and aggrecan in the cultured ATDC5 cells, because the over-expression of these mRNAs were accompanied by over-expression of type-2 collagen and aggrecan molecules in the same culture system used in our foregoing study [ 8].
The foregoing work stated that the suspension studies were an indication of the disinfectant efficacy on a surface, and surface testing is widely recommended by regulatory standards [ 4, 9, 11, 19].
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "foregoing studies", ensure that the studies have been explicitly mentioned earlier in your text to avoid ambiguity. This helps maintain clarity and coherence in your writing.
Common error
Avoid using "foregoing studies" as a generic reference to all prior research on a topic. This phrase is most effective when referring to specific studies you have already discussed in the immediate context, not as a broad synonym for "previous research".
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "foregoing studies" functions as a determiner followed by a noun, modifying the noun "studies" to specify that they are the ones previously mentioned or discussed. Ludwig AI indicates that this phrase is indeed usable and correct in English.
Frequent in
Science
70%
Academia
20%
Formal & Business
5%
Less common in
News & Media
3%
Encyclopedias
1%
Reference
1%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "foregoing studies" is a grammatically correct and commonly used term, particularly in scientific and academic writing. According to Ludwig AI, it is a usable and correct phrase in written English. Its main function is to refer back to studies that have already been mentioned in a text, enhancing clarity and avoiding redundancy. While alternatives like "previous studies" or "earlier research" exist, "foregoing studies" carries a slightly more formal tone and implies a direct reference to the immediate context. When using this phrase, ensure that the referenced studies are clearly identifiable to maintain coherence in your writing.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
previous studies
This alternative is a more common and straightforward way to refer to earlier research.
earlier research
This option emphasizes the temporal aspect of the studies being referenced.
past studies
A simpler and more direct way to indicate studies that have already been conducted.
prior investigations
This term adds a layer of formality and emphasizes the investigative nature of the studies.
preceding analyses
This alternative highlights the analytical component of the studies and their sequential order.
aforementioned research
This phrase is formal and refers specifically to research already mentioned in the text.
earlier findings
This option focuses on the results of previous studies, rather than the studies themselves.
historical research
This alternative emphasizes that the studies are from the past and may be of historical significance.
background research
This term suggests that the studies provide foundational information for the current work.
existing literature
This phrase refers to the body of published works related to a specific topic.
FAQs
How can I use "foregoing studies" in a sentence?
You can use "foregoing studies" to refer back to research you have already mentioned. For example: "The "foregoing studies" highlight a consistent trend, suggesting a need for further investigation."
What is a good alternative to "foregoing studies"?
Alternatives include "previous studies", "earlier research", or "prior investigations". The best choice depends on the specific context and desired level of formality.
Is "foregoing studies" formal or informal?
"Foregoing studies" is generally considered a formal phrase, commonly found in academic and scientific writing. In more casual contexts, "previous studies" might be a more suitable choice.
What's the difference between "foregoing studies" and "previous studies"?
While both refer to studies conducted earlier, "foregoing studies" typically indicates studies that have already been discussed in the current text, while "previous studies" is a more general term for any prior research.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested