Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
duplication of functions
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The term 'duplication of functions' is correct and usable in written English.
It is used to describe the situation when two or more functions have the same purpose. For example: "After the merger, the company underwent a duplication of functions, resulting in two departments carrying out the same tasks."
✓ Grammatically correct
The phrase is commonly used in business to refer to redundant activities or roles.
It also appears in scientific contexts, particularly biology, referring to gene duplication.
In organizational contexts, it describes overlapping responsibilities or efforts.
Alternative expressions(12)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
2 human-written examples
We expect substantial cost saving will be possible because there will be vast areas of overlap and unnecessary duplication of functions across the combined business".
News & Media
In an emailed statement, SeaWorld said the layoffs are part of a restructuring program "focused on reducing costs, increasing efficiencies, reducing duplication of functions and improving the company's operations through proven benchmarks.
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
58 human-written examples
For further discussion of why duplication of function leads to loss of function in one of the entities duplicating the function, see Reviewer 1 comment 11.
Science
As in other species, this gene cluster is conserved in the pig, although individual family members have undergone some sequence divergence and specialization of tissue expression, possibly due to duplication of function.
Science
[We thank Reviewer 2 (comment 3) for raising this issue].We thus propose an origin of eukaryotes that begins with the energetic advantages of close association and in which duplication of function among the symbionts incrementally leads to specialization, obligate symbiosis, and eventual internalization of two of the symbionts.
Science
The Bush administration has criticized an initiative by a number of European countries, led by France and Germany, to create a European defense and security arrangement, saying it would be an unnecessary duplication of NATO functions.
News & Media
After each endosymbiosis began, the partners would have eliminated unproductive duplication of genetic functions by re-arranging their genomes, a process which sometimes involved transfer of genes between them.
Wiki
Adaptive advantages include the acquisition of novel gene combinations which can in some cases promote heterosis [ 13], the duplication of gene functions which can provide an element of buffering, and the potential to evolve novel functionality which were predicted by McClintock as "genomic shock" [ 1, 14].
Science
Thirdly, the preference for delivery in district hospitals over CHS is marked, and arguably, government services would do well to move towards strengthened referral services and shared care with the CHS, rather than invest in duplication of these functions at both levels.
Science
The duplication of back office functions is likely to incur extra costs, and communication between organisations can be poor.
News & Media
This would be hypothesized as essential genes should be conserved throughout a species unless duplication or gain-of-function mutation occur that can rescue the essential role of a give gene.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When streamlining an organization, identify and eliminate any "duplication of functions" to improve efficiency and reduce costs.
Common error
Be specific about which functions are duplicated. Clearly identify the overlapping roles, responsibilities, or tasks to provide a concrete basis for improvement.
Source & Trust
90%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "duplication of functions" acts as a noun phrase. Ludwig AI indicates its correct usage in describing situations where multiple entities perform the same tasks, leading to redundancy.
Frequent in
Science
35%
News & Media
35%
Formal & Business
30%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Social Media
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "duplication of functions" is a noun phrase used to describe redundant activities or roles, most commonly in business and scientific contexts. Ludwig AI confirms it is correct and usable in written English. While generally indicating inefficiency, it can sometimes provide a safety net in critical systems. Alternatives include "redundancy of functions" and "overlapping responsibilities". To effectively address this issue, it's important to clearly identify and specify the duplicated functions to improve clarity and facilitate streamlining efforts.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
redundancy of functions
Highlights the unnecessary repetition of functions.
overlapping of functions
Focuses on the functions that share common aspects or areas.
multiplicity of functions
Emphasizes the existence of multiple functions, potentially overlapping.
duplication of roles
Specifically refers to the overlap in job roles.
repetition of functions
Stresses the act of repeating certain functions.
duplication of tasks
Specifically refers to the redundancy of tasks rather than overall functions.
duplication of effort
Focuses on the wasted effort due to overlapping activities.
overlapping responsibilities
Highlights the shared or unclear responsibilities.
parallel functions
Describes functions that operate alongside each other, possibly redundantly.
redundant processes
Refers to processes that are not necessary or efficient.
FAQs
How can I use "duplication of functions" in a sentence?
You might say, "The merger led to a significant "duplication of functions" within the combined departments" or "The audit revealed an unnecessary "duplication of functions" across different teams".
What's a good alternative to "duplication of functions"?
Depending on the context, you could use alternatives like "redundancy of functions", "overlapping responsibilities", or "repetition of tasks".
In what situations is "duplication of functions" most likely to occur?
"Duplication of functions" commonly arises during mergers and acquisitions, organizational restructuring, or when new departments are created without clearly defined roles and responsibilities. It can also occur naturally as companies scale and processes evolve without regular audits.
Is "duplication of functions" always a negative thing?
While generally negative due to inefficiency and increased costs, "duplication of functions" can sometimes provide a safety net in critical systems. However, in most business and organizational contexts, it is a sign of process inefficiency and should be addressed.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
90%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested