The RFFM was validated with reproduced discharge samples of historical storm events and then applied to extreme flood frequency estimation.
The results were consistent with Ortiz-Hernandez and Saenz-Morales (1999) who demonstrated that the densities of FC were the highest in discharge samples and decreased with increasing distance from the discharge.
Steel fibers, on the contrary, will tend to sink towards the bottom parts of the drum, thus causing the initial discharge samples to contain fewer steel fibers per unit volume than later samples (Nikolaisen 2010).
In particular, when upstream areas are also protected by river dike system, historical discharge samples cannot represent the impact of upstream river overflow on downstream extreme flood frequencies because it rarely occurs.
Although the efficacy of both strategies increased after 120 h of storage period, the densities of microbes in discharge samples from the UV/TiO2 treatment were significantly lower than those in samples from UV-alone treatment.
Due to a low number of discharge samples, no significant difference was observed between the CM+SA groups, however it is also worth noticing that all MP levels decreased at discharge (Fig. 3A to F).
Discharge samples were used for the analysis of the prognostic value of NGAL and BNP for adverse HF-related outcomes.
Two of the nine discharge samples had detectable 17β-trenbolone at concentrations of about 10 and 20 ng/L.
