defrayed by

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "defrayed by" is correct and usable in written English.
It is typically used in financial contexts to indicate that costs or expenses are covered or paid for by someone or something. Example: "The costs of the event will be defrayed by the sponsors, ensuring that attendees can participate for free."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Formal & Business

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

30 human-written examples

They did agree that some of the cost should be defrayed by drug companies.

The New York Times

The cost of the procession, about $1.25 per person per day, the organizers said, was defrayed by foreign aid agencies.

The New York Times

Overlooked independent films were shown for two weeks in underused Loews Cineplex theaters, with promotional costs defrayed by corporate sponsors.

The New York Times

He estimated that legal costs for his suit against Islip, which he defrayed by representing himself, would ahve been at least $5,000.

The New York Times

Neal, whose swimming expenses are partly defrayed by an Asphalt Green scholarship, said: "I had a mix of emotions when I saw the time.

The New York Times - Sports

Their proposal calls for the Chargers to contribute $353m, which could be defrayed by the additional $100m from the NFL and a naming rights deal.

The Guardian - Sport

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

27 human-written examples

These expenses, coupled with the aforementioned competition for students and professors, would be difficult to defray by any action Swarthmore can take as an institution.

Huffington Post

This was primarily due to the significant enzyme contribution to cost, which at higher loadings was not defrayed adequately by an increase in the amount of sugar released.

Biotechnology for Biofuels

The Boston Globe and The Associated Press reported on Friday that Mr. Clinton would receive $100,000 for the appearance, with the cost defrayed in part by corporate sponsors.

The New York Times

Health care costs to individuals are defrayed in Canada by virtue of the health care system being predominantly publicly funded from general taxation revenues.

Health Economics Review

The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by payment of page charges.

BMC Genomics

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When describing financial backing, clearly state both the expense and the entity or method that "defrayed by" it. For example: "The project costs were substantially "defrayed by" private donations".

Common error

Avoid using "defrayed by" when the costs were entirely covered. "Defrayed" implies a partial covering of costs, not complete payment. Use "covered by" or "paid by" when the cost is entirely covered.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "defrayed by" functions as a passive construction, indicating that costs or expenses have been reduced or partially covered by a specific source. This highlights the means through which financial obligations are alleviated. Ludwig AI confirms the phrase's usability in written English.

Expression frequency: Common

Frequent in

News & Media

39%

Science

35%

Formal & Business

10%

Less common in

Wiki

8%

Encyclopedias

4%

Reference

4%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "defrayed by" is a grammatically sound and commonly used construction indicating that costs or expenses have been partially covered or reduced by a specific entity or method. As highlighted by Ludwig, the phrase is prevalent in news, scientific, and formal business contexts. While it is considered correct and usable, be mindful to use alternative phrases such as "covered by" or "financed by" when the cost is entirely covered. When using "defrayed by", clearly state both the expense and the source providing the support. With a strong expert rating and supported by numerous examples, "defrayed by" is a valuable phrase in formal and informational writing.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

covered by

Focuses on the act of covering costs rather than specifically offsetting or reducing them.

financed by

Emphasizes the financial aspect and implies a more structured or formal funding arrangement.

funded by

Similar to "financed by" but can also imply a grant or donation.

paid for by

Directly states that the costs were paid, lacking the nuance of offsetting or reducing expenses.

offset by

Highlights the act of counterbalancing or compensating for costs, emphasizing a reduction in net expense.

borne by

Indicates who is carrying or absorbing the cost, rather than reducing it.

underwritten by

Suggests a formal guarantee or insurance arrangement covering the costs.

subsidized by

Implies external assistance, usually from a government or organization, to lower costs.

sponsored by

Indicates costs are supported through a sponsorship, typically for marketing or promotional reasons.

supported by

A broader term indicating general assistance, which could include financial support.

FAQs

How can I use "defrayed by" in a sentence?

Use "defrayed by" to indicate that costs or expenses have been partially covered or reduced by a specific source. For example: "The travel expenses were partially "defrayed by" a grant from the university".

What are some alternatives to the phrase "defrayed by"?

You can use alternatives like "covered by", "financed by", or "funded by" to indicate that costs are being taken care of, depending on the specific context.

Is it correct to say 'the costs were completely defrayed by'?

While grammatically correct, it's semantically misleading. "Defrayed" implies a partial covering of costs, so it's more accurate to use phrases like "covered by" or "paid for by" when the costs are fully covered.

What is the difference between "defrayed by" and "offset by"?

"Defrayed by" indicates that costs were reduced or partially covered by something. "Offset by" implies that one cost is balanced against another, leading to a net reduction. They are similar, but "offset by" emphasizes the balancing aspect more strongly.