data which are

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "data which are" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to multiple pieces of data or information that are being described or specified. Example: "The data which are collected from the survey will be analyzed to determine trends in consumer behavior."

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

News & Media

Academia

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

The data, which are supplied by Multiple Listing Services, include 148 of the largest 150 markets.

The New York Times - Tech

Most nations extrapolate from government energy data, which are often incomplete, inaccurate or inconsistently reported.

Nature

Optical data, which are not included in these descriptions, are available in mineralogy books.

Britannica

This thread may also be used to fit source and background data which are independently grouped.

Harvard University

By definition, these are "Super-natural" data which are not amenable to investigation by research knowledge.

University of California, Berkeley

Everything we've looked at suggests that it's the payroll data which are the series which you have to follow".

The New York Times

The medical IoT network monitors patient's physiological data, which are aggregated to electronic health record (EHR).

Future Generation Computer Systems

However, this method relies on detailed spatial data, which are often not easily available.

Preventive Medicine Reports

However, that requires additional (vapor + liquid) equilibrium (VLE) data, which are scarce today.

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

Scientific studies ultimately yield thermodynamic data which are used for thermodynamic equilibrium modelling.

Applied Geochemistry

Some time series applications require data which are either expensive or technically difficult to obtain.

Reliability Engineering & System Safety

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "data which are", ensure that the context clearly indicates multiple data points or sets. This helps avoid ambiguity, especially when referring to large datasets or diverse types of information.

Common error

Avoid using "data which are" when referring to a single dataset or piece of information. In such cases, "data which is" or "data that is" would be more appropriate. Remember that the word data is plural, not singular.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "data which are" functions as a relative clause, modifying the noun "data". It introduces additional information about the data being discussed, specifying its characteristics or conditions. As confirmed by Ludwig, this structure is grammatically correct.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

Science

63%

News & Media

16%

Academia

14%

Less common in

Encyclopedias

1%

Formal & Business

0%

Wiki

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "data which are" is a grammatically sound and frequently used phrase to specify certain data points across a variety of contexts, primarily within scientific, academic, and news-related content. Ludwig AI confirms its grammatical correctness. To maintain clarity, ensure that the context involves multiple data points. For alternatives, "data that are" provides a slightly more concise option, but the choice depends on the specific nuances you wish to convey. Being mindful of usage and context will strengthen your writing and improve reader comprehension.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

data that are

Uses "that" instead of "which", creating a slightly more concise relative clause.

data that is

Changes the plural "are" to singular "is", implying a singular data set. Changes meaning from plural to singular.

the data being

Uses a gerund form to describe the data, implying an ongoing process or state.

data, which is

Changes the plural "are" to singular "is", implying a singular data set.

the aforementioned data

Refers to data previously mentioned, adding specificity.

relevant data

Focuses on the relevance of the data, implying it's pertinent to the discussion.

pertinent data

Focuses on the pertinence of the data, implying it's relevant to the discussion.

specified data

Highlights that the data has been explicitly defined or identified.

designated data

Emphasizes that the data has been officially or formally assigned a specific purpose or category.

identified data

Highlights that the data has been recognized or distinguished from other data.

FAQs

How do I use "data which are" in a sentence?

Use "data which are" to specify multiple sets or points of data. For instance, "The datasets "data which are" publicly available often require careful validation before analysis".

What's the difference between "data which are" and "data that are"?

Both "data which are" and "data that are" are grammatically correct. "That" is generally preferred for restrictive clauses that are essential to the meaning of the sentence, while "which" can be used for non-restrictive clauses that add extra information.

Can I use "data which is" instead of "data which are"?

The correctness of "data which is" depends on whether you're treating "data" as a singular or plural noun in your specific context. While traditionally "data" is plural, it's increasingly accepted as singular, especially in informal contexts. If referring to a single dataset, "data which is" might be acceptable, but "data which are" is always correct when referring to multiple datasets.

What can I say instead of "data which are"?

You can use alternatives like "data that are", "the aforementioned data", or specify the type of data (e.g., "experimental results") to avoid the phrase altogether.