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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
data presented below
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "data presented below" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to information or statistics that will follow in the text, typically in reports or academic writing. Example: "The findings of the study are summarized in the data presented below, which highlights the key trends observed."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Alternative expressions(1)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
46 human-written examples
It was observed that both the conventional LEDs and transferred LEDs had good uniformity over most area of the sample; thus, these data presented below are all representative results.
Science
Further, the experimental data presented below demonstrate how the above peculiarities of nanostructure and molecular dynamics in the CER/amino-MMT nanocomposites are exhibited in their properties, including glass transition, relaxations, elastic properties, thermal stability, and creep resistance characteristics.
Science
Data presented below confirms that this occurred (see section below).
Science
Data presented below demonstrate the relevance of these groups in identifying pathogenic factors in lupus nephritis.
Science
The data presented below demonstrate that this system encompass a variety of modes of host-microbe interactions, thus making it a powerful system to understand the fundamentals of this phenomenon.
Science
The data presented below are the result of the consensus expressed after the second round of questions.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
13 human-written examples
All 5 h data sets presented below represent an average of two experiments with a maximum difference between experiments of ±3 % for CO2 conversion and CO yield data and ±2%% for CH4 conversion and H2 yield data.
All the comparative data and spectra presented below are normalized with thickness.
Science
The data on epidemiology presented below are, therefore, based on extrapolations from those studies that most resembled these ideal criteria and measured IAP in the general ICU populations.
Science
In all graphs presented below, each data point is computed as the average over 24 simulation runs with a confidence level of 90%.
In addition to several lines of supporting evidence presented below, the haltere data sets are positively correlated with those independently generated by S. W. Choo, S. Russell, and R. White (personal communication) using a different set of reagents, arguing that they represent true binding events.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "data presented below" to clearly signal that supporting information will follow, enhancing the readability and flow of your document. This phrase is especially useful in reports, research papers, and analytical articles where empirical evidence is crucial.
Common error
Avoid using "data presented below" excessively in a single document. Vary your language with phrases like "as shown below" or "the following data" to maintain reader engagement and prevent monotony.
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "data presented below" serves as a discourse marker, functioning to introduce and direct the reader's attention to supporting information or evidence that will be subsequently provided within a text. Ludwig AI confirms its usability in written English.
Frequent in
Science
70%
News & Media
20%
Formal & Business
10%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "data presented below" is a grammatically correct and commonly used expression to signal upcoming supporting information. As confirmed by Ludwig, it is suitable for various writing contexts, particularly in science, news media, and formal documents. While versatile, it's important to vary your language and prevent overuse, opting for alternatives like "data shown below" or "information provided below". By strategically employing this phrase, you can enhance the clarity and organization of your writing, guiding your reader effectively through your arguments and evidence.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
data shown below
Replaces "presented" with "shown", offering a more visual connotation.
information provided below
Uses "information" instead of "data" and "provided" instead of "presented", broadening the scope to include non-numerical information.
details outlined below
Substitutes "data" with "details" and "presented" with "outlined", emphasizing a structured arrangement of information.
results detailed below
Focuses specifically on "results" instead of general data, suitable for research-oriented contexts.
evidence discussed below
Highlights the "evidence" aspect, emphasizing the supporting nature of the information.
findings reported below
Emphasizes the act of reporting findings, fitting for research or investigative contexts.
facts listed below
Suggests a simple enumeration of facts, replacing the more formal "presented" with "listed".
figures illustrated below
Specifies that the data is visually represented in figures.
statistics summarized below
Indicates that statistical data will be provided in a concise format.
observations noted below
Highlights observational data, emphasizing empirical findings.
FAQs
How can I use "data presented below" in a sentence?
Use "data presented below" to introduce information that supports your argument, such as, "The conclusions are based on the "data presented below", which highlights key trends observed."
What are some alternatives to "data presented below"?
You can use alternatives like "data shown below", "information provided below", or "details outlined below" depending on the context.
Is it correct to say "data presented below"?
Yes, "data presented below" is a grammatically correct phrase used to introduce information that will be discussed or shown later in the text. According to Ludwig AI, the phrase is correct and usable in written English.
What's the difference between "data presented below" and "data presented above"?
"Data presented below" indicates that the information will follow, while "data presented above" refers to information that has already been provided in the text.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested