Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
collapse of which
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "collapse of which" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to refer to the failure or breakdown of something previously mentioned, often in a formal or academic context. Example: "The structure was deemed unsafe due to the collapse of which the engineers had warned."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Encyclopedias
Alternative expressions(2)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
12 human-written examples
After a tragic banquet-hall collapse, of which he was the sole survivor, Simonides was asked to give an account of who was buried in the debris.
News & Media
During the Weimar period, Junkers were continuously hostile to the republic, the collapse of which contributed to the rise of Adolf Hitler.
Encyclopedias
The money was paid by an entity linked to ISMM, the collapse of which in 2001 left a major hole in Fifa's finances.
News & Media
This follows an aborted $680m deal late last year, the collapse of which was put down to heavy criticism from investors who felt the deal was too expensive.
News & Media
Similarly, there was almost no reporting on the $8tn housing bubble, the collapse of which has given us the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression.
News & Media
The UAW has agreed to substantial givebacks as part of the effort to save the auto industry, the total collapse of which would not have been helpful to the overall economy.
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
46 human-written examples
Your team helped put a sleeper hold on the economy, the near-collapse of which then ravaged your portfolio.
News & Media
Ultimately, this increasingly unstable structure can collapse, evidence of which is exposed in the geological record as sector collapse scars, amphitheatres, craters and calderas (e.g. Guest et al. 1984; Stoopes and Sheridan 1992; Hall et al. 1999; Tibaldi 2001).
Science
Concern that two further dams may yet collapse – one of which ruptured during the accident – suggests the unfolding tragedy may yet worsen.
News & Media
CNRL also has had to pay other contractors to tear down, then re-do the work which was stopped after two of the tank structures collapsed, one of which led to the fatalities.
News & Media
The Costa Rica meeting did not produce the collapse of negotiations which the Administration was seeking.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "collapse of which", ensure the noun it refers to is clearly defined in the preceding context to avoid ambiguity. For example, 'The bridge design had a critical flaw, the "collapse of which" could have resulted in many deaths.'
Common error
Avoid using "collapse of which" when a simpler, more direct phrasing is clearer. For instance, instead of 'The company's financial model failed, the "collapse of which" led to bankruptcy', consider 'The company's financial model failed, leading to bankruptcy'.
Source & Trust
88%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "collapse of which" functions as a relative clause, modifying a previously mentioned noun. It indicates that the collapse is a characteristic or consequence associated with that noun. Ludwig AI shows this phrase is typically used in formal writing.
Frequent in
News & Media
60%
Science
30%
Encyclopedias
10%
Less common in
Formal & Business
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "collapse of which" is a grammatically correct and relatively formal way to refer back to a noun and emphasize the consequences of its failure. Ludwig AI analysis indicates that it is most commonly used in News & Media, Science, and Encyclopedia sources. While correct, writers should be mindful of the clarity and conciseness of their writing and consider whether a more direct phrasing might be preferable. Alternatives like "failure of which" or "breakdown of which" can provide similar meanings with slightly different connotations.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
failure of which
Replaces "collapse" with "failure", emphasizing a lack of success rather than a complete breakdown.
breakdown of which
Substitutes "collapse" with "breakdown", suggesting a more gradual or systemic failure.
downfall of which
Uses "downfall" instead of "collapse", implying a loss of status or power.
implosion of which
Replaces "collapse" with "implosion", suggesting an inward collapse.
ruin of which
Uses "ruin" instead of "collapse", implying destruction or devastation.
demise of which
Replaces "collapse" with "demise", often used for institutions or abstract concepts.
cessation of which
Substitutes "collapse" with "cessation", indicating a stopping or ending.
dissolution of which
Uses "dissolution" instead of "collapse", suggesting a breaking apart or disintegration.
deterioration of which
Replaces "collapse" with "deterioration", indicating a gradual decline.
rupture of which
Replaces "collapse" with "rupture", indicating a sudden breaking or bursting.
FAQs
How can I use "collapse of which" in a sentence?
Use "collapse of which" to refer back to a previously mentioned noun whose failure or breakdown has consequences. For example: "The building's structural integrity was compromised, the "collapse of which" would endanger many lives."
What are some alternatives to "collapse of which"?
You can use alternatives such as "failure of which", "breakdown of which", or "downfall of which" depending on the context.
Is "collapse of which" formal or informal?
"Collapse of which" tends to be more formal and is often found in academic, scientific, or news contexts. In more casual conversation, simpler alternatives might be preferred.
What's the difference between "collapse of which" and "collapse that"?
"Collapse of which" is used to add additional information and clarify a previous subject, while "collapse that" introduces a relative clause to identify a specific type of collapse. For instance, "the "collapse of the bridge", which was unexpected" vs. "the collapse that occurred last night".
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
88%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested