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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
close information
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
No, "close information" is not correct and usable in written English.
Instead, consider the phrase "confidential information". This phrase can be used in written English to refer to information that should not be shared publicly. For example, "The employee was reprimanded for sharing confidential information with a non-employee."
⚠ May contain grammatical issues
Science
News & Media
Wiki
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
4 human-written examples
Superpixel algorithm clusters pixels with close information; 4.
The two things are very close: information and its transfer to enable communication.
Fully automatic conversion is contained; Foreground detection and edge information help unify the depth value on the object; Superpixel algorithm clusters pixels with close information; Six kinds of initial gradient hypothesis for initial depth map; Four kinds of scanning modes to fix the depth map; Through a Hough transform, we only extract one-line information to get the slope of the line.
Indeed, although the public's representations may be the same (or close), information should be tailored to the needs and expectations of diverse groups [ 9].
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
56 human-written examples
The company sold mutual funds at pre-close prices based on post-close information, using a complicated model to predict how the market would react on the next trading day, he said.
News & Media
What about providing closing information? A. We provide that in 70 markets, which cover about 45 percent of the coverage in the U.S. We're just bringing Boston up.
News & Media
In a system with limited time and bandwidth this can cause localised problems, where more pertinent (i.e., geographically closer) information is lost to redundant data.
To take some words from the preface of their brochure: "With its range of presentations, exhibitions, series of lectures and workshops, btS closes information gaps both for the students and for the biotech industry.
Science & Research
The closest information are reports from the central African countries of Cameroun and Rwanda [ 6- 8].
Science
Closing information gaps is considered to be pivotal in improving medical care at the end of life, since inappropriate decisions at this point are often the result of information deficits [ 22, 26].
Science
For closer information on differences in the distribution of interviews, ethical considerations, collection of data, we would like to refer to the above-mentioned previous study of ours [ 11].
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Instead of using "close information", opt for established terms like "confidential information" or "sensitive data" to maintain clarity and professionalism in your writing.
Common error
Avoid using "close" as an adjective to describe information. It's not a standard way to express the intended meaning, which often involves concepts like secrecy or sensitivity. Choose more precise adjectives like "confidential", "private", or "sensitive" depending on the context.
Source & Trust
85%
Authority and reliability
2.2/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "close information" is grammatically questionable. According to Ludwig AI, this phrase is not considered standard English. Its intended function is likely to describe data that is private, confidential, or somehow restricted, but it's not a recognized or effective way to do so.
Frequent in
Science
37%
News & Media
37%
Wiki
26%
Less common in
Formal & Business
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "close information" is not considered standard English and is flagged as grammatically incorrect by Ludwig AI. While it appears in a few sources, including Science and News & Media, it's not a common or effective way to describe data. It's better to use established terms like "confidential information", "private data", or "sensitive details" to accurately convey the intended meaning of secrecy or restricted access. Choosing more precise language will improve clarity and professionalism in your writing.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
confidential information
Replaces with a standard term for information that should not be disclosed.
private data
Focuses on the privacy aspect of the information.
sensitive details
Emphasizes the sensitive nature of the information.
secret intelligence
Implies highly classified information.
classified data
Highlights the restricted access to the information.
non-public information
Formally states the information is not for public consumption.
proprietary information
Indicates information owned by a particular entity.
exclusive details
Suggests unique information not widely available.
internal communications
Refers to information shared within an organization.
privileged data
Highlights information protected by legal or ethical standards.
FAQs
What is a more appropriate way to say "close information"?
Since "close information" is not standard English, it's better to use phrases like "confidential information", "private data", or "sensitive details" to convey the intended meaning.
When is it appropriate to use the term "confidential information"?
"Confidential information" is appropriate when referring to data that should not be disclosed to unauthorized parties, such as trade secrets, personal data, or classified documents.
How can I ensure I'm using the correct terminology when discussing sensitive data?
Always consider the context and the specific type of information you're discussing. Terms like "proprietary information", "classified data", or "non-public information" might be more accurate depending on the situation.
Is "close information" ever grammatically correct in any context?
While "close" can modify other nouns, it doesn't typically work well with "information" to convey a clear meaning. It's generally advisable to use more precise and established terms like "private data" or "sensitive details" instead.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
85%
Authority and reliability
2.2/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested