Dictionary
clientelism
noun
A political system based on personal relations rather than personal merits.
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This mass involvement ensures that the sharing of wealth and social investment is not about clientelism but emancipation.
He vowed to break with the corruption and clientelism that have long characterised Colorado rule and to upgrade the country's roads, river ports, airports and power lines, which are in a precarious state.
He promised to break with the clientelism and corruption that have long characterised Colorado rule, and to run a business-friendly administration that would allow Paraguay to abandon its current niche in South America: a safe haven for counterfeiters, smugglers and drug traffickers.
Finally, British distrust of the European Union closes off a common strategy for continental voters who despair of their domestic rulers: placing their hopes in the EU as a technocratic deus ex machina, which will one day form a union deep enough to save them.Why are the British so unusually hostile to clientelism?
Many voters are sick of the corruption and clientelism that has flourished under the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (Pasok) and the conservative New Democracy party, which have alternated in power for 30-odd years.
Only under Pasok, which had held power for 17 of the past 21 years, had a new form of clientelism emerged, with hundreds of thousands of new appointments to state jobs.
In Benin, where campaign rallies are all about distributing cash and promises of patronage, holding town-hall meetings instead cut clientelism among voters.
Optimists think that the protests have created a new political environment and that Bulgaria's politicians will no longer be able to get away with mismanagement or clientelism.
"It is worrisome just how much enlightenment the electorate needs".Indeed, the election was a clash between appeals to good governance on the one hand and the lure of old-school clientelism and populism on the other.
Though democratic politicians and economic reformers can agree on the need for more efficient and accountable institutions, in practice change is often resisted.Latin American traditions of populism, clientelism, corporatism and corruption may ultimately be weakened by economic reform, but they are not immediately eliminated by it.
An old Greek disease, clientelism, seems as pervasive as ever.
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