characterised under

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "characterised under" is not standard in written English and may lead to confusion.
It is typically used in contexts where one is describing the characteristics or features of something, but the preposition "under" is not commonly paired with "characterised." Example: "The species is characterised by its unique coloration."

⚠ May contain grammatical issues

Science

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

18 human-written examples

The amperometric biosensor system was characterised under anaerobic conditions by cyclic and square-wave voltammetric methods.

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

They are commonly characterised under the Wells-Dawson, Keggin or lacunary structural configurations.

Electrochimica Acta

The sedimentation behaviour was characterised under centrifugal forces using a LUMiSizer® separation analyser.

Polymer

The strength of the joint was characterised under quasi-static and impact loading at −30, +23 and +80 °C.

Composite Structures

Different numbers of PV strings connected in series were experimentally characterised under outdoor conditions both with and without concentrators.

Solar Energy

With these three parameters defined, the mass transfer behaviour for the O2/N2 system in our adsorbent is completely characterised (under the assumption of no surface diffusion).

Chemical Engineering Science

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

42 human-written examples

Studies of psychoactive drug use indicate that self-reporting is characterised by under-reporting.

Plosone

This subclass was characterised by under-expression of cell-cycle or proliferation-associated genes such as CCNA2 and CCNB2.

British Journal of Cancer

Within these hostile innovation environments, anti-commons emerge, characterised by the under-use and thus the under-production of innovative technologies, pushing legal scholarship to deplore the inappropriateness of such a restrictive approach to proprietary exclusiveness (Heller and Eisenberg [1998]).

Life Sciences, Society and Policy

This study attempted to characterise an under-studied and hard to reach population of animals.

BMC Veterinary Research

Shared light characterised productions under the direction of her predecessors Dominic Dromgoole and Mark Rylance.

The Guardian

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Use "characterised by" instead of "characterised under" for clearer and more grammatically correct sentences. For example, "The study was characterised by rigorous methodology."

Common error

Avoid using "under" with "characterised" as it's not standard English. The correct preposition is usually "by" or, depending on context, phrases like "in terms of" or "within".

Linguistic Context

The phrase "characterised under" attempts to describe something based on certain conditions or contexts. However, it's not a standard English construction. Ludwig suggests that it's not a conventional phrase.

Expression frequency: Uncommon

Frequent in

Science

100%

Less common in

News & Media

0%

Formal & Business

0%

Academia

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

The phrase "characterised under" is infrequently used and considered grammatically incorrect in standard English. Ludwig provides examples primarily from scientific contexts, but also notes the phrase's non-standard nature. The more appropriate and widely accepted alternative is "characterised by", which effectively conveys the intended meaning of describing something based on its attributes or features. Therefore, it's advisable to avoid "characterised under" in formal writing and opt for grammatically correct alternatives.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

characterised by

Replaces "under" with "by", indicating that something possesses specific qualities or features.

defined by

Instead of describing characteristics existing under conditions, it indicates essential qualities that determine the nature of something.

described in terms of

Shifts the focus from conditions to the specific attributes being described.

evaluated within

Focuses on assessment within a specific scope, not necessarily characterization.

studied in

Indicates the context in which something is examined, moving away from inherent traits.

assessed during

Implies an evaluation taking place within a period or event, rather than intrinsic features.

analysed considering

Highlights the analysis of something by taking certain factors into account.

properties in

Emphasizes specific traits in a given situation, rather than general characteristics.

features present in

Concentrates on the existence of attributes in a context, rather than the fundamental character.

traits exhibited during

Indicates the display of certain qualities during a particular process.

FAQs

What is the correct way to use "characterised" in a sentence?

The correct way to use "characterised" is typically with the preposition "by". For example, "The research was characterised by its innovative approach."

What can I say instead of "characterised under"?

You can use alternatives like "characterised by", "defined by", or "described in terms of" depending on the context.

Is "characterised under" grammatically correct?

No, "characterised under" is not considered grammatically correct in standard English. The more appropriate phrasing is "characterised by".

How does "characterised by" differ from "characterised under"?

"Characterised by" indicates that something possesses specific features or qualities, while "characterised under" is not a standard or widely accepted phrase.