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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
cannot be concluded
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "cannot be concluded" is a correct and usable phrase in written English.
You can use it when you need to express that something cannot be definitively decided or determined. For example, "We looked at the available evidence, but the final outcome cannot be concluded."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Formal & Business
Alternative expressions(20)
cannot be decided
cannot be determined
cannot be contemplated
cannot be excluded
cannot be convened
cannot be subjected to
remains unresolved
cannot be completed
cannot be inferred
cannot be maintained
cannot be complemented
cannot be implemented
cannot be considered
cannot be burdened with
cannot be proven
cannot be hailed
cannot be considered liable
remains uncertain
cannot be characterised
cannot be underscored
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
Such nonsense is yet another reason why the Doha "development round" of world trade talks cannot be concluded fast enough.
News & Media
It cannot be concluded that one intervention is better than the other.
Superiority of one modality of treatment over the other cannot be concluded from our data.
Why adipogenesis is increased during critical illness cannot be concluded from this study.
Here is not monotone for, hence it cannot be concluded by [11, 12].
The researchers determined that one's 'state of mind' cannot be concluded without asking the person involved.
Science
According to TOST, equivalence cannot be concluded for any location with θ10.
Thus, laterally rotated condyles from IVRO improving TMD cannot be concluded from this study.
Therefore, it cannot be concluded that the rate of consolidation is altered by tibial lengthening over an intramedullary nail.
Hence these factors, unless tested, cannot be concluded to influence the decision to be self-employed in Ghana.
Therefore, it cannot be concluded if and how much the physical exercise influenced the perceptual-cognitive tasks specifically.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "cannot be concluded" when you want to express that the available information does not allow for a definitive judgment or outcome. For example, "Based on the current data, the experiment's success "cannot be concluded"".
Common error
Avoid using "cannot be concluded" to imply that a lack of evidence for a specific conclusion automatically supports an opposing conclusion. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. For example, just because a study "cannot be concluded" to prove X doesn't mean Y is true.
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "cannot be concluded" functions as an epistemic hedge, indicating a lack of certainty or a limitation in the ability to draw a firm conclusion based on the available evidence. As Ludwig confirms, this phrase is both grammatically correct and suitable for use in various contexts.
Frequent in
Science
87%
News & Media
5%
Formal & Business
3%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "cannot be concluded" is a widely used and grammatically sound way to express that available evidence is insufficient to reach a firm conclusion. As indicated by Ludwig, this phrase is appropriate in formal, scientific, and professional settings. Its primary function is to convey caution and avoid making unsubstantiated claims. Usage patterns show a strong prevalence in scientific literature, with less frequent appearances in news media and business contexts. When writing, use "cannot be concluded" to precisely indicate limitations in drawing conclusions, and avoid the common mistake of assuming that a lack of evidence for one conclusion automatically supports an alternative one.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
cannot be determined
Emphasizes the inability to ascertain or establish something definitively.
cannot be inferred
Highlights the impossibility of drawing a logical conclusion from the available information.
cannot be decided
Focuses on the lack of a clear resolution or decision on a matter.
cannot be established
Stresses the failure to firmly prove or validate something.
cannot be proven
Indicates the lack of sufficient evidence to demonstrate the truth of something.
remains uncertain
Highlights the continuing state of doubt or ambiguity surrounding a topic.
remains unknown
Emphasizes that specific information about a subject is yet to be discovered or revealed.
is not clear
Simple way to express a lack of clarity.
remains to be seen
Highlights something whose outcome can not be predicted at the moment.
remains unresolved
Highlights that a situation hasn't been addressed yet.
FAQs
How do I use "cannot be concluded" in a sentence?
Use "cannot be concluded" to indicate that there isn't enough evidence to reach a definite conclusion. For example, "From the data available, it "cannot be concluded" that the new treatment is effective."
What are some alternatives to "cannot be concluded"?
You can use phrases like "cannot be determined", "cannot be inferred", or "remains uncertain" as alternatives to "cannot be concluded", depending on the nuance you want to convey.
Is it appropriate to use "cannot be concluded" in formal writing?
Yes, "cannot be concluded" is suitable for formal writing, especially in academic, scientific, or professional contexts where precise and cautious language is important. It indicates that a definitive conclusion is not possible based on the available evidence.
What's the difference between "cannot be concluded" and "cannot be excluded"?
"Cannot be concluded" means that there is insufficient evidence to form a definite conclusion. "Cannot be excluded", on the other hand, means that something is still a possibility and hasn't been disproven.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested