Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
calculated below
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "calculated below" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to refer to information or results that will be provided later in the text, typically in a report or analysis. Example: "The total costs for the project will be calculated below for your review."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
14 human-written examples
Similarly, the signalling load at the MME entity caused by other procedures is calculated below.
A critical tube radius is calculated below which the central lamella does not exist and the film consists of a meniscus where the liquid is under hydrostatic equilibrium.
Science
Note that the relative timing cannot be calculated below 55° latitude since the Pi1 onsets were only observed over a limited spatial region.
Science
In this sense the costs calculated below for the cost of electricity or the cost of methane is the minimum pricing at which electricity or gas can be sold to the consumer.
The gravity change Δg for each grid as calculated below: (2) where (dg i, j, dg i +1, j, dgi, j+1, dg i +1, j+1) are the gravity change at one grid square.
Science
The filtered time series waveforms at all the stations are plotted in Fig. 3 lined up with the distances from the intercept of the protracted trajectory with the ground surface (hereafter called termination point; calculated below using the inversion).
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
46 human-written examples
All V x0 values calculated were below 3.33%% fulfilling the requirements described in [33].
For an m × n image the vertical projection vector, PV, is calculated using below equation.
Rental can be calculated as below: text{Rental}=frac{sum_{i=1}^{n}[text{rental}(T_{i})]}{n} (23).
All V x0 (variation coefficient of the procedure) values calculated were below 3.33%, thus fulfilling the requirements described in [11].
So, the final p-value is calculated like below.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "calculated below", ensure that the calculation or explanation is indeed presented immediately after the statement. Avoid using it if the calculation appears much later in the text.
Common error
Avoid using "calculated below" if the calculation is not directly below the statement, which can confuse the reader. Be clear where the reader should expect to see the calculation. Consider using a phrase like "calculated in Section 3" if the calculation is not immediately following.
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.4/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "calculated below" functions as a signpost, directing the reader to where the specific calculations are located within a text. As Ludwig AI suggests, it is mainly used in reports or analyses.
Frequent in
Science
100%
Less common in
News & Media
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "calculated below" serves as a straightforward pointer in technical or analytical documents, informing the reader that the relevant calculations are presented immediately after the reference. Ludwig AI indicates that it is grammatically sound and best suited for formal contexts, particularly in scientific and technical writing. To use the phrase effectively, ensure that the calculation indeed directly follows the statement to avoid reader confusion. While it's commonly used, alternatives like "computed hereafter" or "determined subsequently" can provide variety. As the analysis shows, the phrase is most frequently encountered in scientific literature, solidifying its place as a reliable, though not exceedingly common, indicator of forthcoming calculations.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
computed hereafter
Replaces "calculated" with "computed" and uses "hereafter" instead of "below" to indicate sequence.
determined subsequently
Substitutes "calculated" with "determined" and "below" with "subsequently" to denote a later point.
formulated underneath
Uses "formulated" instead of "calculated" and "underneath" in place of "below", changing the wording while keeping the core meaning.
evaluated in what follows
Replaces "calculated" with "evaluated" and uses a more descriptive phrase "in what follows" to indicate the subsequent explanation.
derived in the next section
Changes "calculated" to "derived" and specifies "the next section" instead of "below" for clarity.
shown in the following steps
Substitutes "calculated" with "shown" and uses "following steps" instead of "below" to indicate a process.
detailed further down
Replaces "calculated" with an implicit "detailed" and uses "further down" instead of "below", focusing on the location in the text.
ascertained in the discussion to come
Changes "calculated" to "ascertained" and indicates the future explanation with "in the discussion to come".
quantified in the subsequent analysis
Replaces "calculated" with "quantified" and uses "subsequent analysis" instead of "below", emphasizing a formal process.
worked out in the succeeding paragraphs
Substitutes "calculated" with "worked out" and uses "succeeding paragraphs" instead of "below" for a more descriptive reference.
FAQs
How to use "calculated below" in a sentence?
Use "calculated below" to indicate that a computation or result will be presented immediately following the current statement. For example, "The final value, "calculated below", shows a significant increase."
What can I say instead of "calculated below"?
You can use alternatives like "computed hereafter", "determined subsequently", or "evaluated in what follows" depending on the context.
Is it grammatically correct to use "calculated below" in formal writing?
Yes, "calculated below" is grammatically correct. However, ensure clarity by placing the calculation immediately after the statement. In very formal writing, alternatives like "ascertained in the discussion to come" may sound more sophisticated.
How do I ensure the proper use of "calculated below" in scientific papers?
In scientific papers, after using the phrase ""calculated below"", make sure that the equation, formula, or steps are clearly and directly presented after the statement. This ensures readers can easily follow your methodology.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.4/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested