by propensity

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "by propensity" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to describe a natural inclination or tendency towards something. Example: "He tends to make decisions by propensity rather than careful analysis."

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

Pre: Difference and p-value before adjusting by propensity score.

Health Economics Review

The selection problem would thus not be solved by propensity score matching.

IZA Journal of Migration

The second column of Table 3 shows the ATE obtained by propensity score matching, which is the main estimation strategy.

IZA Journal of Migration

It is essential to note that our study controlled for preoperative comorbidities, such as diabetes and smoking, by propensity score matching of patients.

Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

The control group of 178 critically ill patients without acute or chronic liver disease was selected by propensity score matching (PSM).

Annals of Intensive Care

The end-of-treatment outcomes between the surgical and non-surgical groups were assessed by propensity score regression adjustment and propensity score stratification approaches.

Progress in Orthodontics

In our cohort, once confounding variables were controlled by propensity score methodology, diuretic use did not relate to AKI development but showed an independent relationship with hospital mortality.

Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Adult NHWS respondents with a self-reported migraine diagnosis who completed the migraine module were matched by propensity scores to those without migraines (controls) using sociodemographic characteristics.

The Journal of Headache and Pain

After adjusting for baseline imbalances by propensity score analysis, VFDs increased significantly in rhTM group (rhTM group: 11.9 ± 10.3 days vs. control group: 10.3 ± 10.4 days, P = 0.03).

Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Unlike Weckback's study, however, our investigation included a larger cohort of ankle fracture patients (7383 patients compared with 476 patients, respectively) and controlled for preoperative comorbidities and patient demographics by propensity score matching of patients.

Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

The risk of bias due to selection mechanisms is dealt with by propensity score matching (PSM), which can be interpreted as a simulation of an experiment by conditioning on observed influencing factors.

Large-scale Assessments in Education

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "by propensity", ensure the context clearly indicates a natural inclination or tendency, avoiding ambiguity with habits or learned behaviors. For example, in scientific writing, clarify that a phenomenon occurs "by propensity" if it stems from inherent characteristics.

Common error

Avoid using "by propensity" to describe actions that are merely habitual. Propensity implies an innate inclination, whereas habit suggests a learned behavior. For instance, saying someone chooses a certain brand "by propensity" suggests they were born with that preference, which is unlikely. Instead, use "out of habit" or similar phrases.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "by propensity" functions as a prepositional phrase, modifying a verb or noun by indicating the reason or manner in which an action is performed or a state exists. Ludwig examples demonstrate this usage in academic and scientific contexts.

Expression frequency: Common

Frequent in

Science

85%

News & Media

8%

Formal & Business

7%

Less common in

Encyclopedias

0%

Wiki

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

"By propensity" is a prepositional phrase that indicates a natural inclination or tendency, commonly used in formal and scientific writing. Ludwig's analysis of numerous examples reveals that while grammatically correct, it's essential to use it accurately, distinguishing it from related concepts like habit. For alternatives, you might consider "by inclination" or "by tendency". Ludwig AI's assessment and the source analysis both suggest this phrase holds a specific niche in academic and professional contexts, emphasizing inherent characteristics over learned behaviors.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

by natural inclination

Adds "natural" to emphasize the inherent aspect of the inclination, reinforcing the meaning of "propensity".

from a proclivity

Replaces "propensity" with "proclivity", another synonym suggesting a natural or habitual inclination.

out of a tendency

Replaces "propensity" with "tendency", offering a direct synonym with minimal semantic shift.

according to inclination

Replaces "propensity" with "inclination", focusing on a natural tendency but with a slight shift in formality.

based on predisposition

Substitutes "propensity" with "predisposition", highlighting a pre-existing tendency or susceptibility.

due to inherent nature

Explains the cause as originating from the inherent nature, providing a more descriptive explanation than just stating "propensity".

following one's bent

Uses the idiom "bent" to suggest a strong, natural inclination, which is a more figurative way of expressing "propensity".

as a matter of habit

Indicates an action done out of routine, changing the focus from a natural inclination to an acquired behavior.

by force of habit

Implies that an action is driven by habit, altering the connotation from a natural leaning to a learned one.

as a rule

Presents a general behavior, differing from "by propensity" in that it indicates a pattern more than an innate characteristic.

FAQs

How can I use "by propensity" in a sentence?

You can use "by propensity" to describe something that happens because of a natural tendency or inclination. For example: "He tends to make decisions "by propensity" rather than careful analysis."

What's the difference between "by propensity" and "by habit"?

"By propensity" refers to a natural inclination or tendency, whereas "by habit" refers to something done out of routine or learned behavior. Using the correct phrase ensures clarity in expressing the cause of an action.

What can I say instead of "by propensity"?

You can use alternatives like "by inclination", "by tendency", or "according to inclination" depending on the context.

Is it appropriate to use "by propensity" in formal writing?

Yes, it is appropriate to use "by propensity" in formal writing, especially in scientific or academic contexts where precision is valued. However, ensure that the meaning is clear and that a simpler alternative isn't more suitable.