by examination

USAGE SUMMARY

"by examination" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to refer to a process of closely studying something in order to evaluate it. For example, "The painting was authenticated by examination of the signature."

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

News & Media

Encyclopedias

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

No selection by examination or interview".

The Guardian - Opinion

Admission to the high school is open, by examination, to residents of all boroughs.

The New York Times

A general scepticism about cultural honours boards is encouraged by examination of the record of the Nobel prize in literature.

The Guardian

Diagnosis of syphilis is confirmed by blood tests and by examination of the cerebrospinal fluid.

Encyclopedia Britannica

Prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome is possible by examination of the amniotic fluid.

Encyclopedia Britannica

Administrative civil servants, the highest grade, are recruited by examination from among recent university graduates.

Encyclopedia Britannica

By examination of these calculations, several conclusions can be extracted.

Nanoscale Research Letters

The first FCEM by examination was awarded in late 2007.

International Journal of Emergency Medicine

The S N curves can be explained by examination of the fracture surface features.

International Journal of Fatigue

A final diagnosis for this disease can be obtained by examination of jejunal biopsies.

Analytical Biochemistry

whilst the gas liquid flow regime was estimated by examination of a ceramic particles free system.

Chemical Engineering Research and Design

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

In formal reports, "by examination" provides a clear and concise way to indicate how data was gathered or a conclusion was reached.

Common error

Avoid using "by examination" in casual conversation; simpler alternatives like "by looking at" or "by checking" are often more appropriate.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "by examination" primarily functions as a prepositional phrase modifying a verb or noun. It indicates the method or means by which an action is performed or a conclusion is reached. Ludwig provides numerous examples demonstrating its use in various contexts, from scientific analysis to legal assessments.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

Science

69%

News & Media

15%

Encyclopedias

10%

Less common in

Formal & Business

2%

Reference

2%

Wiki

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the prepositional phrase "by examination" serves to specify a method of assessment or investigation. As Ludwig highlights, it is grammatically correct and finds frequent use in scientific, academic, and formal contexts. While versatile, its formal tone may not always suit informal settings. Alternative phrases such as "through scrutiny" or "via inspection" can offer nuanced variations, and Ludwig AI confirms its broad applicability and correctness. Therefore, understanding its appropriate register and potential substitutes enhances effective communication.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

through scrutiny

Replaces "examination" with "scrutiny", suggesting a more detailed and critical inspection.

via inspection

Substitutes "examination" with "inspection", implying a visual or formal review process.

upon review

Replaces the action of "examination" with the result of "review", focusing on the outcome of the assessment.

following assessment

Similar to "upon review", this phrase emphasizes the action of assessment that precedes a decision or conclusion.

under investigation

Shifts the focus to a formal or systematic inquiry, often used in legal or scientific contexts.

by means of analysis

Highlights the use of analytical methods in the evaluation process.

through observation

Emphasizes the role of direct observation in the assessment.

using evaluation

Focuses on the methodology of the evaluation and less on examination as a whole.

based on study

Implies a more profound, scientific and longer approach, based on facts and data.

after perusal

Replaces "examination" with "perusal" which means reading or looking at something, usually in a quick or casual way.

FAQs

How can I use "by examination" in a sentence?

You can use "by examination" to describe a process of assessment or investigation, such as, "The authenticity of the document was confirmed "by examination" of its watermark."

What are some alternatives to "by examination"?

Depending on the context, you could use phrases like "through scrutiny", "via inspection", or "upon review" as alternatives to "by examination".

Is it better to say "by examination" or "through examination"?

Both "by examination" and "through examination" are grammatically correct and convey a similar meaning. The choice often depends on stylistic preference, but "by examination" is generally more common.

In what contexts is "by examination" most appropriate?

"By examination" is most appropriate in formal and scientific contexts where a thorough assessment or investigation is described. It is often used in reports, research papers, and official documents.