both of which have

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "both of which have" is correct and usable in written English.
It is typically used to refer to two items or subjects that have been previously mentioned, indicating that both share a common characteristic or quality. Example: "The two projects were successful, both of which have received funding for further development."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Academia

Science

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

(2012), both of which have appeared in French translation.

Columbia University

Upstairs, there are two bedrooms, both of which have skylights.

The New York Times

This development has two aspects, both of which have been widely deplored.

The New Yorker

Last year the countries, both of which have nuclear arsenals, nearly went to war again.

The New York Times

The closest are Amherst and Swarthmore, both of which have an 8 to 1 ratio.

The New York Times

Ionized air can produce O3 and NO25,53, both of which have an acrid smell.

Nature

However, the plans have two serious flaws, both of which have been magnified by recent events.

The New York Times

The effect on the other two companies, both of which have been struggling, was less clear.

The New York Times

Both of which have critical implications for human-health risk assessments.

Science of The Total Environment

MPLS has two defined signaling protocols, both of which have been extended for use in GMPLS.

The Internet and Its Protocols A Comparative Approach

They typically pursue challenging basic science laboratory projects or clinical projects, both of which have translational applications.

Stanford University

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Ensure the antecedent of "which" is unmistakably clear to avoid ambiguity.

Common error

Avoid using "both of which have" if the items being referred to are not clearly defined or immediately preceding the phrase. This can lead to confusion and weaken the sentence's clarity.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "both of which have" functions as a relative clause introducing additional information about two previously mentioned nouns. It connects these nouns by highlighting a shared characteristic or attribute, as demonstrated in Ludwig examples.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

News & Media

48%

Academia

22%

Science

20%

Less common in

Formal & Business

4%

Wiki

4%

Reference

2%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "both of which have" serves as a relative clause, linking two previously mentioned items through a shared attribute. Ludwig AI analysis confirms it as grammatically correct and very commonly used across diverse contexts, including news, academia, and science. While generally neutral in tone, its presence in formal writing suggests a versatile application. For clearer and more impactful writing, ensure the antecedent is unmistakable, and consider alternatives like "each of which possesses" depending on the context.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

each of which possesses

Replaces "have" with "possesses", emphasizing ownership or inherent quality.

both sharing the attribute of

Focuses on the shared attribute rather than possession.

both of which are characterized by

Highlights that the attribute defines or typifies the items.

both of which demonstrate

Indicates that the shared attribute is evidence or proof of something.

both of them having

Uses a participial phrase to express the shared attribute, altering the grammatical structure.

both of which exhibit

Uses "exhibit" to suggest a display or manifestation of a quality.

both of which contain

Emphasizes the presence of something within both items.

both of which include

Specifies that the shared attribute is inclusion of something.

both of which feature

Suggests that the attribute is a prominent or noticeable aspect.

each having the characteristic of

More verbose, highlighting the shared characteristic explicitly.

FAQs

How do I use "both of which have" in a sentence?

Use "both of which have" to connect two previously mentioned items and describe a shared attribute. For example, "The project had two phases, "both of which have" been successfully completed."

What can I say instead of "both of which have"?

You can use alternatives such as "each of which possesses", "both of them having", or "both sharing the attribute of" depending on the specific context and desired emphasis.

Is it more formal to use "both of which have" or "both of them have"?

"Both of which have" tends to be slightly more formal than "both of them have", making it suitable for academic or professional writing. "Both of them have" is perfectly acceptable in more informal contexts.

What is the difference between "each of which has" and "both of which have"?

"Each of which has" implies you are referring to multiple items (more than two), while ""both of which have"" specifically refers to two items.