both of which do

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "both of which do" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to two items or subjects previously mentioned, indicating that both perform a certain action or function. Example: "The two projects were successful, both of which do contribute to our overall goals."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

28 human-written examples

The so-called security cabinet of 15 members or the full cabinet of 30, both of which do have statutory powers, would very likely follow suit.

The New York Times

Moreover, the senses elicited are largely hearing and sight, both of which do play a role in wine appreciation, but not primary ones.

The New York Times - Arts

The new method works much better than classical feedback and conventional LQG controllers, both of which do not take the input time delay into account and may induce instability, when the input time delay becomes significant.

Journal of Fluids and Structures

Microsoft offers two of them, both of which do duty as a cover and are held into place by a pair of satisfyingly clunky magnets (never underestimate the psychological pleasure of a good clunk).

Independent

If you think about how innovation works in America, a relatively small metropolitan area such as Austin or Seattle (both of which do not rank among America's 10 biggest cities by population) can have a disproportionate impact on the future of national innovation.

The Washington Post

Gearhart [8] uses life expectancy and infant survival rates, both of which do not take into account quality.

Health Economics Review

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

32 human-written examples

None of which do the job.

Independent

Nothing doing, and right now at least, these two clubs, both of which didn't kick into high gear until late June, can't be stopped.

The Guardian - Sport

In 1401 the city underwent yet another sack, by Timur (Tamerlane), after which it fell under the sway of two successive Turkmen dynasties, the Ak Koyunlu and the Kara Koyunlu (1410 1508), both of which did little to restore its fortunes.

Britannica

This needs saying because of two episodes in his life, both of which did irreparable harm to his reputation, the first because of lies spread by Coleridge and Wordsworth, the second because of his own propensity to tell the truth.

The New Yorker

It may be the case that more tornadoes are being noticed today, given a network of trained storm spotters and a national Doppler radar network, both of which didn't exist as recently as the early 1980s.

The Washington Post

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "both of which do", ensure that the verb following "do" agrees in number with the subject to which "which" refers. For example, "both of which do contribute" is correct if referring to plural subjects.

Common error

A common error is using a singular verb after "do" when referring to a plural antecedent. Avoid constructions like "both of which does contribute", which is grammatically incorrect.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "both of which do" functions as a relative clause, modifying a noun phrase by providing additional information about two previously mentioned items. Ludwig AI confirms its proper usage across various contexts.

Expression frequency: Uncommon

Frequent in

Science

40%

News & Media

40%

Encyclopedias

10%

Less common in

Wiki

5%

Formal & Business

5%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "both of which do" is a grammatically correct relative clause used to specify a shared attribute or action of two previously mentioned entities. Ludwig AI indicates its common usage in Science and News & Media contexts, though it maintains a neutral to formal tone. While "both of which do" is an effective way to provide additional information, writers should ensure proper verb agreement and consider alternative phrasings such as "both of which are" depending on the intended emphasis.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

both of which are

Replaces the verb "do" with "are", shifting the focus from action to state of being.

both of which have

Substitutes "do" with "have", indicating possession or attribute instead of action.

both of which involve

Replaces "do" with "involve", suggesting a relationship of inclusion or participation.

both of which perform

Changes "do" to "perform", which adds a slightly more formal or technical tone.

both of which entail

Replaces "do" with "entail", meaning to involve something as a necessary or inevitable part or consequence.

both of which create

Changes "do" to "create", shifting the focus to the act of producing or causing something.

both of which represent

Substitutes "do" with "represent", emphasizing the symbolic or indicative nature of the items.

each of which does

Uses "each" instead of "both", focusing on the individual items rather than the pair collectively.

both of these

A more concise and direct way to refer to two items. Omits the relative pronoun "which" and the verb "do".

both actions involve

Rephrases to emphasize the actions themselves rather than the objects performing the actions.

FAQs

How can I use "both of which do" in a sentence?

Use "both of which do" to connect a clause that describes two items or concepts previously mentioned in your sentence. For example: "The project involves two main phases, both of which do require careful planning."

What are some alternatives to "both of which do"?

You can use alternatives such as "both of which are", "both of which have", or "each of which does", depending on the specific meaning you want to convey.

Is it better to use "both of which do" or "both of which are"?

The choice between "both of which do" and "both of which are" depends on whether you want to emphasize an action or a state of being. Use "do" to highlight an action and "are" to describe a characteristic or state.

What's the difference between "both of which do" and "both of them do"?

"Both of which do" is a relative clause that refers back to items already mentioned in the sentence. "Both of them do" is a more direct construction that requires the items to be clear from the context but does not necessarily create a dependent clause.