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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
based upon which
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
"based upon which" is correct and usable in written English.
It usually appears as a prepositional phrase indicating a reference point for an action, statement, or decision. For example, "We will make our decision based upon which candidate is most qualified for the job."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
Academia
News & Media
Alternative expressions(18)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
51 human-written examples
Further, in case a probability sample has been selected, based upon which models are developed and applied, model-based inference and model-assisted estimation usually lead to similar total estimates.
Science
Based upon which menu is currently displayed, the current command, and some other state variables, an appropriate action is taken.
Academia
We further investigate in detail the morphology evolution with reaction time, based upon which a likely growth mechanism is proposed.
Science
The user interface for our project consisted of an Adafruit Mini IR Remote, which would control the clock's various functions based upon which button was pressed.
Academia
Unlike the television show it is based upon, which is broadcast in the United States on the Food Network, "Iron Science Teacher" readily admits that the "secret ingredient" is not really secret.
News & Media
It is the guilty secret all the big-name graduate recruiters keep to themselves - how often do they get rid of applicants based upon which university they went to?
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
9 human-written examples
Relatability is based upon vulnerability, which creates likability.
News & Media
Grading: The grade will be based upon assignments, which will be handed out every 2-3 weeks.
Academia
It will assign points based upon loyalty, which will determine who will be given priority for choice seats.
News & Media
Put limits on the amount based upon pro potential, which a governing board would determine.
News & Media
It is based upon those variables which affect the problem.
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
While grammatically correct, consider replacing "based upon which" with more concise alternatives like "on which" or "because of which" for improved clarity.
Common error
Avoid using "based upon which" in contexts where simpler phrasing like "because" or "since" would suffice. Overly complex phrasing can obscure your meaning.
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.2/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "based upon which" functions as a prepositional phrase introducing a relative clause. It connects a main clause to a subordinate clause specifying the foundation or reason upon which the main clause's statement is made. Ludwig provides many examples of this use, mainly in academic texts.
Frequent in
Science
71%
Academia
14%
News & Media
12%
Less common in
Formal & Business
1%
Wiki
1%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "based upon which" is a grammatically correct phrase used to establish a foundation or reason for a statement. Ludwig AI confirms its correctness. While common, it is most frequently used in scientific and academic writing. When writing, consider whether more concise alternatives like "on which" or "because of which" might improve clarity. Remember that while authoritative, overuse in less formal contexts can make your writing sound stilted. The semantic replacements provide alternative ways to express the same logical relationship.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
on the basis of which
Replaces "based upon" with "on the basis of", providing a more formal tone.
on which basis
Inverts the structure for emphasis, slightly altering the flow.
by reason of which
Uses "by reason of" to indicate causation or justification.
in light of which
Suggests consideration of available information.
according to which
Indicates agreement or conformity with something.
on the grounds that
Focuses on the justification or rationale.
by virtue of which
Emphasizes the authority or power behind the action.
in consideration of which
Highlights thoughtfulness or deliberation.
in view of which
Similar to "in light of", but more concise.
premised on which
Emphasizes the foundational assumptions.
FAQs
How can I use "based upon which" in a sentence?
"Based upon which" introduces a clause that provides the foundation or reason for something. For example: "The decision was made based upon which candidate had the most experience."
What can I say instead of "based upon which"?
You can use alternatives like "on the basis of which", "because of which", or "according to which depending on the context.
Which is correct, "based upon which" or "based on which"?
Both "based upon which" and "based on which" are grammatically correct, though "based on which" is generally considered more concise and modern.
Is "based upon which" formal or informal?
"Based upon which" is generally considered more formal. In informal contexts, simpler alternatives like "because" or "since" are often preferred.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.2/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested