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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
as underlined above
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "as underlined above" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to refer back to a specific part of the text that has been emphasized or highlighted for clarity. Example: "The key points of our discussion are as underlined above, which highlight the main objectives we need to focus on."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Alternative expressions(20)
as highlighted above
as emphasized above
as mentioned above
as stated previously
as noted above
as detailed above
as shown above
as mentioned earlier
in light of the above
referring to the above
with reference to the above
as outlined above
as elucidated above
as indicated above
as demonstrated above
as illustrated above
as hinted above
as confirmed above
as understood above
as alluded above
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
3 human-written examples
As underlined above, the concept of almost periodicity was introduced by Danish mathematician Bohr around 1924-1926 and later generalized by many other authors (cf. [10, 15 20] for more details on the subject).
This finding would appear of considerable interest to policy makers who - in order to achieve the social and economic advantages linked to ethnic entrepreneurship, as underlined above - are continually looking for tools and actions able to support and foster the creation of new ethnic ventures in the enclave.
Our paddlefish BAC clones contained the HoxD cluster portion spanning from Evx2 to HoxD8 (figs. 3 and 5 and as underlined above).
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
57 human-written examples
As we underlined above, the genes evidenced with microarray analysis were quite different between the two tested cell lines, therefore we expected apoptosis in HT-29R to be modulated by a different set of genes compared to those identified for Colo320R.
Science
Presenting an alternative to the classical Frankenstein cliché, this image is mainly used in the media when portraying synthetic biologists, as has already briefly been underlined above.
We have tried to address the issue in a transparent way by conducting a systematic evaluation, however, as underlined on several occasions above, we have moderate confidence in the excess risks used for the impact assessment of cancer cases and adverse reproductive outcomes.
This was expected due to the differences in the methodological design underlined above.
Science
As underlined by Neve et al.
Science
As above underlined, attention is mainly paid to the stress analysis, while the stability analysis is just mentioned since it falls outside the scope of this study.
□ Numerical examples that underline the above result can be found in [88,89].
Our findings support the above studies as well as underline the general role of neuroinflammation in stress disorders and depression.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Use "as underlined above" to clearly direct the reader's attention to a specific point you want them to remember or reconsider. Make sure the original point was indeed emphasized (underlined, bolded, etc.) for it to make sense.
Common error
Avoid using "as underlined above" if the referred text wasn't actually underlined or otherwise visually emphasized. This can confuse the reader and weaken your argument. Instead, opt for phrases like "as mentioned above" or "as previously stated".
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "as underlined above" functions as an adverbial phrase, modifying a clause or sentence to indicate that the reader should refer to a previously emphasized point. Ludwig AI confirms its proper use in referring back to highlighted text for emphasis.
Frequent in
Science
60%
News & Media
20%
Formal & Business
10%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
3%
Wiki
4%
Reference
3%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "as underlined above" serves as a directive pointer in formal writing, guiding readers back to a previously emphasized element within the text. While grammatically sound, Ludwig AI indicates it is best reserved for instances where actual underlining or other visual highlighting has been employed. As such, it's most commonly found in scientific and technical documents, where clarity and precision are paramount. For contexts where visual emphasis is lacking, consider alternatives such as "as mentioned above" or "as previously stated".
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
as highlighted above
Replaces 'underlined' with 'highlighted', focusing on visual emphasis.
as emphasized above
Replaces 'underlined' with 'emphasized', focusing on the importance of the information.
as stated previously
Offers a more general way to refer to something mentioned earlier.
as noted above
Similar to 'as stated previously', but implies a more casual observation.
as detailed above
Emphasizes that the information was presented with a certain level of detail.
as shown above
Focuses on information that has been visually presented or demonstrated.
as mentioned earlier
Focuses on the temporal aspect of having mentioned something before.
in light of the above
Introduces a conclusion or further discussion based on previous points.
referring to the above
A direct way to indicate reference to preceding text.
with reference to the above
A more formal way to indicate reference to preceding text.
FAQs
How can I use "as underlined above" in a sentence?
Use "as underlined above" to refer back to a specific part of the text that has been emphasized or highlighted. For example: "The key points of our discussion are, "as underlined above", which highlight the main objectives we need to focus on."
What phrases are similar to "as underlined above"?
You can use alternatives like "as highlighted above", "as emphasized above", or "as mentioned above" depending on the context.
When is it appropriate to use "as underlined above" in writing?
It is best to use "as underlined above" in formal writing when you want to draw attention back to a specific point that has already been visually emphasized in the text. This helps reinforce the importance of that information for the reader.
Is "as underlined above" formal or informal?
"As underlined above" is considered a formal phrase. It is suitable for academic papers, reports, and professional correspondence where precision and clarity are important.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested