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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
as defined under
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "as defined under" is correct and usable in written English.
It is typically used to refer to a specific definition or explanation provided in a legal, technical, or formal context, often in relation to laws, regulations, or documents. Example: "The term 'employee' shall be understood as defined under Section 2 of the Employment Act."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Formal & Business
Alternative expressions(19)
as specified in
as outlined in
as stipulated by
pursuant to
according to
in accordance with
as per
under the terms of
subject to
as governed by
in compliance with
under the provisions of
as determined under
as examined under
as designated under
as identified under
as outlined under
as specified under
as described under
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
58 human-written examples
But the policy applies only to lobbying as defined under federal law and does not restrict former officials from providing advice to clients with business or other interactions with the federal government.
News & Media
Donations or loans can only be accepted from "permissable sources" as defined under the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.
News & Media
Asylum, however, as defined under the 1951 Geneva Convention, generally involves protection from political, ethnic or religious persecution or, since 2005, generalized violence.
News & Media
Eligibility criteria: EFL clubs – a minimum of five 'first-team' players in the starting XI as defined under the competition's existing rules.
News & Media
"The assessors strongly feel that this is an invasion of personal privacy as defined under the Freedom of Information Law exceptions," he said.
News & Media
"A political party must ensure that a donor is permissible as defined under the law, therefore, a party can accept shares, as long as the donor is permissible".
News & Media
Marutani opened his arguments by questioning the concept of whiteness as defined under Virginia law, which barred white residents from marrying anyone who had any "trace whatsoever of any blood other than Caucasian".
News & Media
At the time, the E.P.A., complying with a Supreme Court ruling, was finishing a document assessing whether carbon dioxide, the main emission linked to global warming, endangered public health or welfare as defined under the Clean Air Act.
News & Media
But the office said it did not have jurisdiction in the case because the claims against Dr. Leso did not involve the practice of psychology as defined under New York State law.
News & Media
But the agency said the claims against Dr. Leso did not involve the practice of psychology as defined under New York State law, citing several reasons, including the lack of an established doctor-patient relationship.
News & Media
Judge Jackson, who was appointed by President Bill Clinton, concluded that the government "failed to establish that any unauthorized acts of violence or aggression committed on the high seas constitutes piracy" as defined under federal law.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "as defined under", always ensure you're referencing a specific, well-established definition within the relevant legal, regulatory, or technical context. This avoids ambiguity and strengthens your argument or explanation.
Common error
Avoid using "as defined under" without clearly specifying the exact law, regulation, or document that contains the definition. Failing to do so can weaken your statement and leave it open to interpretation.
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "as defined under" serves as a discourse marker, explicitly signaling that a subsequent term or concept is being clarified by referencing a specific, authoritative source. As Ludwig AI states, the phrase is typically used to refer to a specific definition or explanation provided in a legal, technical, or formal context.
Frequent in
News & Media
34%
Science
33%
Formal & Business
10%
Less common in
Wiki
9%
Reference
0%
Social Media
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "as defined under" is a versatile phrase used to precisely reference specific definitions within legal, regulatory, or technical documents. According to Ludwig AI, this phrase is grammatically correct and widely used across various reputable sources. The analysis indicates that this phrase is most common in news, science, and formal business contexts, underscoring its importance in clear and unambiguous communication. When using "as defined under", remember to reference the exact source of the definition to avoid vagueness. Alternatives like "as stipulated by" or "according to" can be used depending on the context and desired level of formality.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
as stipulated by
This alternative is more formal and emphasizes a specific requirement or condition.
as per
A shorter, more concise way to say "as defined under", suitable for formal contexts.
according to
A general phrase indicating compliance with a rule or standard.
in accordance with
Similar to "according to", but slightly more formal and emphasizes agreement.
pursuant to
A legalistic term indicating action taken under the authority of a law or regulation.
under the terms of
Highlights specific contractual or legal conditions.
subject to
Indicates that something is conditional upon a particular rule or law.
as governed by
Emphasizes the control or regulation exerted by a particular authority or law.
in compliance with
Focuses on the act of adhering to rules or regulations.
under the provisions of
Highlights the specific sections or clauses of a law or agreement.
FAQs
How can I use "as defined under" in a sentence?
Use "as defined under" to refer to a specific definition within a document or law. For instance, "The term 'employee' shall be understood "as defined under" Section 2 of the Employment Act."
What's a formal alternative to "as defined under"?
For a more formal tone, consider using phrases like "as stipulated by" or "pursuant to", especially in legal or official contexts.
Is it always necessary to use "as defined under" when referring to a definition?
No, it's not always necessary. If the context makes it clear where the definition comes from, simpler phrases like "according to" or "in accordance with" may suffice.
What's the difference between "as defined under" and "as interpreted by"?
"As defined under" refers to the explicit definition stated in a document, while "as interpreted by" refers to an understanding or explanation of something, which may involve analysis or opinion. One refers to a direct definition, and the other to an explanation of that definition.
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
83%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested