as above indicate

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "as above indicate" is not correct in standard written English.
It seems to be a truncated version of "as indicated above," which is commonly used to refer back to previously mentioned information. Example: "The results of the study, as indicated above, show a significant improvement in performance."

⚠ May contain grammatical issues

Science

News & Media

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

1 human-written examples

Simulations with N = 240, G ≥ 16, and parameter values as above indicate that group size n ≥ 16 is large enough as to dramatically reduce or even prevent the eventual trapping of the A-type by complementary segregating haplotypes when R = 0.

BMC Evolutionary Biology

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

59 human-written examples

Afterwards, this mixture of MDDC were co-cultured for 6 7 days with autologous T lymphocytes to assess T cell proliferation as above indicated.

Plosone

The MBC or MFC was regarded as the lowest concentration of test sample which did not produce a colour/turbidity change as above, indicating no microbial growth.

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

But the costs never equalised, as the example above indicates.

The Economist

But as the chart above indicates, increased access to coverage isn't enough to make health care affordable for everyone.

Huffington Post

The constructs were labelled as above indicating the nucleotide position of the adenine substitution, pGEM-4Z-77/105A, pGEM-4Z -92/105A, pGEM-4Z -92/98A, pGEM-4Z -99/105andand pGEM-4Z-50/56A.

Plosone

Whole muscle homogenate was obtained after disruption in lysis buffer as above indicated by using a mechanical driven homogenizer and further centrifugation at 700×g to remove debris.

Plosone

The weighted κ based on scoring of memories (4-3-2-1-0 agreement indicated excellent agreement, κ=0.82.

Behaviour Research and Therapy

These expression patterns must be interpreted under the light of the interaction of the encoded proteins as above indicated.

BMC Genomics

As the numbers above indicate, the two are now just under 6percentt apart — the closest they've ever been.

TechCrunch

As the charts above indicate all the major indexes are moving higher.

Huffington Post

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Use the grammatically correct and widely accepted phrase "as indicated above" instead of "as above indicate".

Common error

Avoid using the base form of the verb "indicate" without proper auxiliary verbs. Always use a past participle form like "indicated" or an alternative construction.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "as above indicate" attempts to serve as a referential marker, pointing back to previously mentioned information. However, according to Ludwig AI, this construction is grammatically incorrect.

Expression frequency: Rare

Frequent in

Science

50%

News & Media

50%

Formal & Business

0%

Less common in

Encyclopedias

0%

Wiki

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "as above indicate" is grammatically incorrect. Ludwig AI suggests using the correct alternative "as indicated above". Although examples can be found across scientific and news sources, the grammatical error undermines its suitability for formal use. Alternative phrases such as "as mentioned above" or "as previously stated" offer more appropriate ways to refer to preceding information. Therefore, always opt for grammatically sound alternatives to ensure clarity and credibility in writing.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

as indicated above

More grammatically correct and commonly used alternative.

as mentioned above

A simpler and more direct way to refer to prior information.

as previously stated

Formal alternative, emphasizing the prior statement.

as demonstrated above

Suitable when referring to a prior demonstration or example.

as the above shows

Informal alternative, directly pointing to prior evidence.

according to the above

A formal way to introduce information derived from what has been previously presented.

in accordance with the above

Highly formal and structured reference to preceding information.

as detailed earlier

Emphasizes that information was provided in detail previously.

referring to what was stated above

A more verbose alternative that highlights the act of referencing.

based on the aforementioned

A sophisticated and formal way to refer to something previously mentioned.

FAQs

What is a grammatically correct alternative to "as above indicate"?

The correct phrasing is "as indicated above", which is widely used to refer to information previously mentioned.

Can I use "as above indicate" in formal writing?

No, "as above indicate" is grammatically incorrect and unsuitable for formal writing. Use alternatives like "as mentioned above" or "as previously stated" instead.

What's the difference between "as above indicate" and "as indicated above"?

"As above indicate" is not grammatically correct. The correct form is "as indicated above", where "indicated" is the past participle of the verb "indicate".

How to use "as indicated above" in a sentence?

You can use "as indicated above" to refer back to information already provided, for example, "The methodology, as indicated above, was based on previous studies."