Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
are not established
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "are not established" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to indicate that something has not been set up, confirmed, or recognized. Example: "The guidelines for the new project are not established, so we need to create them from scratch."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Formal & Business
Alternative expressions(5)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
59 human-written examples
Facts are not established.
News & Media
They are not established stars, but under General Manager Billy Beane, that often does not matter.
News & Media
"Hayden's claims are not established," wrote Mr. Chernick, and he awarded Robertson Stephens $23,828,209.60 plus interest.
News & Media
As with any leaders, coaches must deal in faith and belief, which are not established by success and evidence alone.
News & Media
On the other hand, if fair regulations are not established and rebuilding seems impossible, we could have social unrest on a scale we haven't seen for years.
News & Media
However, these associations are not established in humans.
Science
Criteria for staging the menopausal transition are not established.
Science
These environmental conditions are not established at laboratory level.
These microorganisms are not established and hence the substrate they degrade and utilize is not ascertained.
The molecular mechanisms by which maternal diabetes impairs embryogenesis are not established.
However, in the current therapy of hormone-dependent breast and prostate cancer they are not established.
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "are not established", ensure the context clearly indicates what is lacking establishment. Be specific about the elements that need to be confirmed or validated.
Common error
Avoid using "are not established" in situations where the lack of establishment is already obvious. Instead, focus on explaining the implications or the steps needed for establishment.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "are not established" functions as a predicate adjective, indicating a state of lacking confirmation, proof, or implementation. Ludwig AI confirms its correct usage. For example, "The facts are not established." This usage describes a condition or status.
Frequent in
Science
51%
News & Media
27%
Formal & Business
22%
Less common in
Reference
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, the phrase "are not established" is a versatile expression used to indicate a lack of confirmation, proof, or implementation. Ludwig AI confirms it is grammatically correct and widely used across various contexts, particularly in science, news, and formal business settings. While generally neutral to formal, its specific connotation depends on the context, emphasizing uncertainty or incompleteness. When using this phrase, ensure clarity about what exactly lacks establishment and consider alternative phrases like "are not proven" or "are not confirmed" for nuanced communication.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
are not proven
Focuses on the lack of evidence or verification.
are not confirmed
Emphasizes the absence of official validation or agreement.
are not validated
Highlights the lack of testing and confirmation of correctness.
are not recognized
Indicates a lack of acknowledgment or acceptance.
are not defined
Focuses on the absence of a clear or precise definition.
are not in place
Highlights the absence of something being set up or implemented.
are not instituted
Emphasizes the lack of formal establishment or introduction.
are not implemented
Focuses on the absence of practical application or execution.
have not been determined
Highlights that the identification or ascertainment has not yet occurred.
remain unproven
Stresses the continuing lack of evidence or validation.
FAQs
How can I use "are not established" in a sentence?
Use "are not established" to indicate that something hasn't been confirmed, proven, or set up. For instance, "The safety protocols "are not established", so we must develop them before proceeding".
What phrases can I use instead of "are not established"?
Alternatives include "are not proven", "are not confirmed", or "are not defined", depending on the specific nuance you want to convey.
Is it better to say "are not established" or "have not been established"?
Both "are not established" and "have not been established" are grammatically correct. The choice depends on the context. "Are not established" implies a more general state, while "have not been established" suggests a process that hasn't been completed.
What does it mean when something "is not established"?
When something "is not established", it means it lacks the necessary confirmation, proof, or implementation. The exact meaning can vary depending on the context in which the phrase is used.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested