are established by

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "are established by" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to indicate that something is created or set up by a specific entity or process. Example: "The rules of the game are established by the governing body to ensure fair play."

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

News & Media

Encyclopedias

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

Protocols are established by international or industrywide organizations.

Encyclopedia Britannica

"I don't know if the rent increases are established by law," he said.

The New York Times

Shiner argues that five illegal "state practices" are established by the evidence, which includes videotaped interrogations.

The Guardian

Indeed those institutions are established by the treaty and that treaty is still protected".

The Guardian - Business

Sometimes charitable funds are established by people already in the spotlight.

The New York Times

Medicare does not allow innovation because its benefits are established by Congress.

The New York Times

The people are established by blood relations and through conversion to the faith.

The New York Times - Arts

Wage increases, while still within award structures, are established by government and union accords.

Encyclopedia Britannica

Because Connecticut's boards of education are established by state statute, they appear to be not subject to local control.

The New York Times

Initial keypoint mappings are established by utilizing descriptors.

EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing

The latter are established by medium term operation planning studies.

Electric Power Systems Research

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Use "are established by" when emphasizing the formal or official nature of the establishment process.

Common error

Avoid using "are established by" in overly simple sentences where a more direct verb like "create" or "form" would be more concise and impactful.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "are established by" functions as a passive construction, indicating that something is brought into existence or determined by a specific agent or process. Ludwig confirms that the phrase is correct and widely used.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

Science

48%

News & Media

24%

Encyclopedias

6%

Less common in

Wiki

3%

Formal & Business

3%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

The phrase "are established by" is a grammatically correct and frequently used passive construction that signifies the creation or determination of something by a specific agent or process. Ludwig AI confirms this, showing its prevalence across various contexts such as science, news, and encyclopedias. While generally formal and professional in register, it's important to ensure clarity and avoid overuse in simple sentences. Consider alternatives like "are determined by" or "are created by" for conciseness when appropriate. The phrase's formal nature makes it suitable for academic, scientific, and official writing where emphasizing the authority or process of establishment is crucial.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

are created by

Replaces "established" with "created", focusing on the act of bringing something into existence.

are set up by

Emphasizes the action of organizing or arranging something into a specific configuration.

are determined by

Shifts focus to the factors that decide or control something.

are founded on

Highlights the base or principles upon which something is built.

are instituted by

Emphasizes the formal establishment or introduction of something.

are brought about by

Focuses on the cause or agent that produces a result.

are developed by

Highlights the process of growth or evolution of something.

are generated by

Emphasizes the origin or source from which something arises.

are initiated by

Focuses on the start or beginning of a process or system.

are legislated by

Highlights the legal or authoritative act of establishing something by law.

FAQs

How can I use "are established by" in a sentence?

The phrase "are established by" indicates that something is created or determined by a specific entity or process. For instance, "The rules "are established by" the governing body to ensure fair play."

What is a good alternative to "are established by"?

Depending on the context, you could use alternatives such as "are determined by", "are created by", or "are set by" to convey a similar meaning.

When is it appropriate to use "are established by" instead of "are created by"?

"Are established by" is best used when emphasizing a formal or official process of setting something up, whereas "are created by" is more general and focuses on the act of bringing something into existence.

Is "are established by" formal language?

Yes, "are established by" is generally considered formal language and is suitable for academic, professional, and official contexts.