and hence are

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "and hence are" is grammatically correct and commonly used in written English.
It is used to express a cause and effect relationship between two ideas. It can be used to show that the second idea is a result or consequence of the first idea. Example: "I have studied hard for my exams, and hence, I am confident that I will do well." In this example, "and hence" connects the two ideas and emphasizes that the speaker's confidence is a direct result of their hard work. It can also be written as "and therefore" with the same meaning.

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

News & Media

Encyclopedias

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

and hence are treated as income on the Fafsa.

The New York Times

Virtually all pituitary tumours are benign and hence are adenomas.

Encyclopedia Britannica

They hold life cheaply, and hence are able to entertain generous thoughts about the state.

The New Yorker

Most of these only address temperature (the symptom) rather than CO2 (the cause) and hence are not a real fix.

The New York Times

"Boys and young men are prone to make such mistakes and hence are excluded from the stealth parties".

The New Yorker

What will become of "responsible citizens" who cannot sense these threats produced by civilisation, and hence are robbed of their sovereign judgment?

The Guardian - Opinion

But this might also lead one to conclude that populists live in a kind of political fantasy world and hence are bound to fail in practice.

The Guardian - Books

They appear comfortable playing their shots and hence are more likely to have success employing this method.

Independent

Pictures, similarly, may represent events but do not represent language and hence are not a form of writing.

Encyclopedia Britannica

These highly specialized birds feed almost exclusively on fruits, supplying fruit even to their nestlings, and hence are called frugivores.

Encyclopedia Britannica

Feather tracts differ in arrangement in different species and hence are useful in the classification of birds.

Encyclopedia Britannica

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Use "and hence are" to clearly establish a cause-and-effect relationship between two clauses, ensuring a logical flow of ideas within your writing.

Common error

Avoid using "and hence are" in very casual or informal writing. Simpler alternatives like "so" or "that's why" may be more appropriate for a conversational tone.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "and hence are" functions as a conjunctive adverbial phrase. It connects two clauses, indicating that the second clause is a logical consequence or result of the first. Ludwig AI confirms its grammatical correctness and frequent usage.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

Science

57%

News & Media

25%

Encyclopedias

5%

Less common in

Formal & Business

5%

Wiki

3%

Social Media

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "and hence are" is a grammatically correct and frequently used phrase for establishing cause-and-effect relationships. Ludwig's AI confirms its validity and common occurrence across various sources. While versatile, it leans towards a more formal tone, making it suitable for academic, scientific, and professional writing. When aiming for casual communication, consider more informal alternatives like "so" or "that's why". Understanding its function and context ensures effective and appropriate use in your writing.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

and therefore are

This alternative directly substitutes "hence" with "therefore", maintaining a formal tone but with a slightly stronger emphasis on the consequence.

and thus are

Replaces "hence" with "thus", providing a slightly more concise and formal alternative.

consequently, they are

This option uses "consequently" to begin a new clause, offering a more emphatic and formal way to express the result.

as a result, they are

Replaces the conjunction with a prepositional phrase, slightly changing the sentence structure and providing a clearer indication of cause and effect.

because of this, they are

Emphasizes the causal relationship more explicitly using "because of this", adding a slight variation in tone.

for this reason, they are

Similar to "because of this", but offers a more formal and reasoned tone.

that's why they are

Provides a more informal and direct way to express the reason for the subsequent statement.

this implies they are

Focuses on the implication or logical consequence of the preceding statement.

it follows that they are

Offers a formal and logical deduction, highlighting the necessary consequence.

so, they are

Provides a very short and informal alternative, suitable for casual contexts.

FAQs

How can I use "and hence are" in a sentence?

Use "and hence are" to link two related ideas where the second is a direct result of the first. For example, "The data was carefully analyzed, and hence are the study's conclusions reliable."

What are some alternatives to "and hence are"?

You can use alternatives like "and therefore are", "and thus are", or "consequently, they are" depending on the desired level of formality.

Is it correct to use "and hence is" instead of "and hence are"?

The correct form depends on the subject's number. Use "and hence is" with singular subjects (e.g., "The result is significant, and hence is further research needed"). Use "and hence are" with plural subjects (e.g., "The results are significant, and hence are further studies justified").

What's the difference between "and hence are" and "because of this, they are"?

"And hence are" provides a more concise and formal link between cause and effect. "Because of this, they are" is more explicit, emphasizing the cause-and-effect relationship more strongly.