above described

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "above described" is correct and usable in written English.
It is typically used to refer to something that has been previously mentioned in a text, such as "the above described experiment".

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

News & Media

Academia

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

41 human-written examples

Limb movements were detected as above described.

Nature

Firstly, we computed the ten above described RFs.

Nature

Ian McEwan, quoted above, described Updike's "Rabbit" novels as his "masterpiece".

The Guardian - Books

Cells were then treated with the above described drugs for 3 hr.

Nature

The studies above described good outcomes with patients when FEES was used to guide their treatment.

Nature

Despite the above described medical significance, effective antifungal agents remain very limited.

Nature

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

18 human-written examples

As above-described, an experimental light cone with a length of Lexp = 6.5 mm was created.

Nature

Finally, we propose a general cloud-based IoT architecture aimed at solving the above-described problems.

Procedia Engineering

Various parameters were studied in relation to the above-described particle ordering phenomenon.

Chemical Engineering Science

"You operated the above-described aircraft, in the above-described manner, when New York City and the entire nation was in a heightened state of security due to terrorist threats," the agency said.

The New York Times

The characters flirting with the elements in the above-described scenes are infused with a lust for supreme power.

The New York Times

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Consider using simpler alternatives like "previously mentioned" for clarity.

Common error

Avoid using "above described" if the referenced information is not immediately clear or is spread across multiple paragraphs. Instead, be specific by restating the key details or providing a direct reference (e.g., "as shown in Figure 2").

Linguistic Context

The phrase "above described" functions as a postpositive adjective, modifying a noun by referring back to something previously explained or defined. Ludwig examples show it commonly precedes nouns like "method", "model", or "experiments".

Expression frequency: Common

Frequent in

Science

65%

Academia

15%

News & Media

10%

Less common in

Formal & Business

5%

Wiki

3%

Reference

2%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "above described" is a useful tool for referring back to previously mentioned information, predominantly in formal and scientific writing. According to Ludwig AI, it is considered grammatically correct. While common, ensure the reference is clear to avoid ambiguity. Consider alternatives like "previously mentioned" in less formal contexts. Remember to avoid vague references and be specific in your writing for maximum clarity. The frequent use in scientific and academic sources indicates a formal register.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

previously mentioned

This alternative is a more direct and common way to refer to something already stated.

as stated earlier

This phrase explicitly indicates that the information was presented at an earlier point.

earlier mentioned

Similar to "previously mentioned" but with a slightly different word order.

as detailed above

This alternative is suitable when referring to a detailed explanation.

aforementioned

This is a more formal synonym suitable for legal or official documents.

as previously noted

Indicates that the information was noted or observed before.

previously specified

Useful when referring to conditions or details that have been specifically laid out.

in the preceding section

Specifically points to the previous section of a document.

as discussed before

Suggests the topic was addressed more conversationally or less formally.

heretofore described

A very formal and somewhat archaic way of saying "previously described".

FAQs

How can I use "above described" in a sentence?

You can use "above described" to refer back to information already presented, such as "The "above described method" was used to analyze the data".

What phrases are similar to "above described"?

Alternatives include "previously mentioned", "as stated earlier", or "aforementioned", depending on the context and level of formality.

Is "above described" formal or informal?

"Above described" tends to be more formal and is frequently found in scientific, academic, and legal writing. In less formal contexts, consider using simpler alternatives.

When should I avoid using "above described"?

Avoid using "above described" if the referenced information is too far back in the text or isn't clearly defined. Ensure the reference is clear and specific to prevent confusion.