Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
abnormal acid
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "abnormal acid" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in contexts related to chemistry, biology, or medical discussions where the acidity level deviates from the norm. Example: "The lab results indicated an abnormal acid level in the patient's stomach, suggesting a possible digestive issue."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
Alternative expressions(2)
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
37 human-written examples
Figure 3: Prevalence of GERD in adult asthmatics: GERD defined as abnormal acid reflux.
Science & Research
Patients with peptic stricture are characterized by advanced age, male gender, and vastly abnormal acid reflux into the esophagus, which often contains significant amounts of duodenal juice components.
Science & Research
In this study, the authors found a very poor positive predictive value of symptoms, including moderate to severe heartburn and regurgitation, and the presence of abnormal acid exposure.
Science & Research
This study, which is the only large study of its kind in which asthmatic patients were randomly selected, showed abnormal acid reflux in 36% of the 90 participating asthmatics.
Science & Research
Figure 3 shows the prevalence of abnormal acid reflux in adult asthmatics in eight studies comprising 718 patients from 13 centers in five countries (France, Chile, Great Britain, Finland, and the United States).
Science & Research
Abnormal acid gastro-oesophageal reflux is common in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and is considered a risk factor for development of IPF.
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
23 human-written examples
A further 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring revealed an abnormal acid-reflux with a DeMeester score of 61.4 and the symptom association probability of 99%.
Science
Abnormal acidic amino acids and N-acetylaspartylglutamate in hereditary canine motoneuron disease.
Academia
Biochemically, ZS patients are characterized by the absence of functional peroxisomes and an almost complete disruption of peroxisomal beta-oxidation, leading to the accumulation of branched and very long-chain fatty acids, abnormal bile acids, and leukotrienes.
Science
These mice have been suggested to therefore be appropriate as an animal model of human spinocerebellar ataxia, and recent studies of these animals have demonstrated an abnormal glutamic acid to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA -A receptor function and expression in the cerebellar and cerebral cortices resultinGABA -Aan abnoreceptor type VGCC activity [7], [8], [9], [10].
Because of high working efficiency and long working hours, JSPH-1 new pH monitoring system can detect extremely slight abnormal esophageal acid exposure, and observe clinical effect of anti-acid reflux medicine.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When discussing medical conditions, specify the location where the "abnormal acid" level is found (e.g., stomach, esophagus) for clarity.
Common error
Avoid using "abnormal acid" without specifying what 'normal' should be in that context. Quantify the deviation or reference a standard range to provide better context and prevent misunderstanding.
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "abnormal acid" primarily functions as a descriptive term, modifying a noun (often implied, such as 'level', 'concentration', or 'reflux') to indicate a deviation from a normal or expected condition. Ludwig AI confirms that this phrase is correct and usable.
Frequent in
Science
100%
Less common in
News & Media
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "abnormal acid" is a grammatically sound term predominantly used in scientific and medical fields to describe deviations in acidity levels. Ludwig AI confirms its correctness, and its function is primarily descriptive. Context is key when using this term, as it is often associated with conditions like acid reflux or metabolic imbalances. The register is formal, and while the term is most frequently found in scientific sources, specifying the location and quantifying the deviation ensures clarity. When seeking alternative phrasing, consider options like "atypical acidity" or "unusual acid level" for semantic similarity.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
atypical acidity
Replaces "abnormal" with a synonym, maintaining the focus on an unusual level of acidity.
unusual acid level
Rephrases the term to emphasize the level of acidity being out of the ordinary.
irregular acid concentration
Focuses on the concentration aspect, using "irregular" to denote the deviation from normal.
deviant acid readings
Highlights the readings obtained being different from what is expected.
elevated acidity
Specifies that the acidity is higher than normal.
low acidity
Specifies that the acidity is lower than normal.
acid imbalance
Indicates a disruption in the normal balance of acidity.
acid dysregulation
A more technical term suggesting a problem with the regulation of acidity.
pathological acidity
Indicates that the abnormal acidity is related to a disease or pathological condition.
altered acid state
A general term referring to a changed or modified condition of acidity.
FAQs
How is "abnormal acid" exposure typically measured?
Abnormal acid exposure is often measured using pH monitoring, where a pH sensor detects how often the pH level falls below a certain threshold (usually pH <4) over a specific time period.
What are some potential causes of "abnormal acid" reflux?
Potential causes of abnormal acid reflux include lower esophageal sphincter (LES) dysfunction, hiatal hernia, delayed gastric emptying, and certain dietary factors.
What are some potential symptoms related to "abnormal acid" exposure in the esophagus?
Symptoms can include heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), chronic cough, and hoarseness. However, some individuals may experience no symptoms at all.
What can I say instead of "abnormal acid"?
You can use alternatives like "atypical acidity", "unusual acid level", or "irregular acid concentration" depending on the specific context.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.3/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested