Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
a preliminary draft of
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "a preliminary draft of" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to an initial version of a document or piece of work that is subject to further revision or editing. Example: "I have completed a preliminary draft of the report, and I would appreciate your feedback before finalizing it."
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Science
Formal & Business
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
24 human-written examples
I sent a preliminary draft of this order to the secretary of defense on May 9.
News & Media
Before downgrading U.S. debt, S.& P. sent a preliminary draft of its press release to the U.S. Treasury.
News & Media
Last week, the Senate finance committee issued a preliminary draft of legislation that would exclude black liquor from the alternative fuels credit.
News & Media
Administration officials said Mr. Bloomberg's remarks about the pay increases -- his first that provided specific figures -- were based on a preliminary draft of a ruling by a state arbitration panel.
News & Media
It and a "preliminary draft" of the book, dated Feb. 21, 1997, and adding Dr. Schatzberg's name were released Monday by the Project on Government Oversight, a Washington advocacy group.
News & Media
Ms. Kuan said she would assess the "taste and comfort level" of the Hartford audience before programming too much new music, and a preliminary draft of the 2011-12 schedule features much standard repertory.
News & Media
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
36 human-written examples
We received valuable feedback when presenting a preliminary draft to the research groups of Georgy Koentges and Keith Vance.
Science
I trust the authors that their implementation of this approach is technically sound, but, unfortunately, this is hard to ascertain from the submitted version of the manuscript, which reads as a preliminary draft devoid of the quantitative details.
Science
Eleven were composed of 2 assembled sequences that are likely allelic variants of the same genes, based on their matches to a single location in a preliminary draft assembly of the Daphnia genome sequence at the mid-point of the genome sequencing project (4 × coverage; deposited at wFleaBase).
Science
Parallel to the sequencing initiative in red raspberry, a preliminary draft genome of the black raspberry has been produced from the sequencing and assembly of data generated from clone 'ORUS 4115-3'ORUS
Science
Dr. McCaskill says it was because the adviser mistakenly sent a "preliminary" draft full of grammatical errors to the printer.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "a preliminary draft of", ensure that you indicate who the draft is intended for or what purpose it serves to give context to the reader. For example, "a preliminary draft of the proposal for the board" is more informative than just "a preliminary draft of the proposal".
Common error
Avoid omitting the article "a" before "preliminary draft". Saying just "preliminary draft of" sounds incomplete and unidiomatic. Always include the article for clarity and grammatical correctness.
Source & Trust
85%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "a preliminary draft of" functions as a noun phrase acting as an adjective modifying a noun. It specifies the state of the noun, indicating that it is an early, unrefined version. As Ludwig confirms, it’s grammatically sound and commonly used.
Frequent in
Science
32%
News & Media
52%
Formal & Business
8%
Less common in
Science
8%
News & Media
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "a preliminary draft of" is a grammatically correct and usable phrase that indicates an early, unpolished version of a document. As confirmed by Ludwig, it is most frequently found in news and media, and scientific contexts. When writing, remember to include the article "a" and provide context about the draft's purpose or intended audience. Consider using alternative phrases like "an initial version of" or "a rough draft of" to add variety to your writing.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
an initial version of
Focuses on the version being the first one.
a first version of
Emphasizes the sequence of the version, being the first.
a rough draft of
Highlights the unpolished and initial state.
a working draft of
Implies a version that is still under development.
a trial version of
Indicates a version used for testing.
a pre-release version of
Highlights the version not yet released to the public.
an early form of
Emphasizes it's in the early stages.
a sketch of
Conveys a less detailed, more basic version.
a mockup of
Highlights a prototype or model.
a blueprint for
Implies a foundational plan or design.
FAQs
How can I use "a preliminary draft of" in a sentence?
You can use "a preliminary draft of" to describe an early version of a document. For example, "The committee reviewed "a preliminary draft of" the new regulations."
What is the difference between "a preliminary draft of" and "a final version of"?
"A preliminary draft of" refers to an early version that is likely to be revised, while "a final version of" is the completed, approved document.
What can I say instead of "a preliminary draft of"?
You can use alternatives like "an initial version of", "a rough draft of", or "a working draft of" depending on the context.
Is it appropriate to share "a preliminary draft of" a document with clients?
Sharing "a preliminary draft of" a document with clients can be useful to gather early feedback, but ensure you clearly label it as such to avoid confusion and manage expectations. It should not be presented as "a final version".
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
85%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested