In closing,

USAGE SUMMARY

"In closing" is an acceptable and commonly used phrase in written English
It is usually used to signal the end of a speech, letter, or other written document. For example: "In closing, I would like to thank everyone for their hard work and dedication. It has been a pleasure working with all of you."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Formal & Business

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

This includes "in summary" or "in closing".

WikiHow

In closing, a miracle.

The Guardian

In closing, may I say in my humble.

The New Yorker

In Closing.

Science Magazine

In Closing: There Is a Happy Ending.

Science Magazine

In closing, let's talk bank accounts.

TechCrunch

In closing, allow me to mention a few important vignettes.

Forbes

In closing, Roberts compares Zhukov to other Allied commanders.

Forbes

In closing, ISIS Delenda Est.

Huffington Post

In closing, I have two messages.

Huffington Post

In closing: I'm not bashing Mark Driscoll.

Huffington Post

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Use "in closing," to signal the end of your argument or discussion, but ensure it logically follows from the preceding content.

Common error

Avoid starting every conclusion with "in closing." Vary your phrasing to maintain reader engagement. Consider alternatives like "to conclude" or "in summary".

Linguistic Context

The phrase "In closing," serves as a transitional phrase, signaling the conclusion of a speech, essay, or other written piece. As noted by Ludwig AI, it is a common introductory phrase for final remarks, as evidenced by the numerous examples provided.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

News & Media

46%

Science

28%

Formal & Business

12%

Less common in

Wiki

6%

Encyclopedias

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "In closing," functions as a transitional phrase used to signal the beginning of a conclusion. Ludwig AI confirms that this expression is grammatically correct and very common, appearing frequently in News & Media and Science domains. While versatile, it's important to use it judiciously to avoid repetitive phrasing. As you prepare to conclude, remember that effective writing requires clarity and a strong final statement. Consider alternatives like "to conclude" or "in summary" to enrich your writing.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

To conclude,

A more straightforward synonym, focusing on the act of ending.

In conclusion,

A formal way to indicate the end of a discussion or presentation.

In summary,

Highlights summarizing the main points before ending.

To sum up,

Similar to "in summary" but can be used in less formal contexts.

Finally,

Emphasizes that the last point is being made.

As a final point,

Highlights that the subsequent information represents the final consideration.

In brief,

Indicates a short and concise conclusion.

To bring it all together,

Highlights an intention to unify separate ideas.

Ultimately,

Suggests a final thought or result after a period of consideration.

Taking everything into account,

Suggests a comprehensive assessment before ending.

FAQs

How to use "In closing," in a sentence?

"In closing," is typically used to introduce the final remarks of a speech, essay, or formal letter. For example, "In closing, I'd like to thank everyone for their contributions."

What can I say instead of "In closing,"?

You can use alternatives like "to conclude", "in conclusion", or "finally", depending on the context.

Is it okay to use "In closing," in academic writing?

Yes, "In closing," is acceptable in academic writing, but ensure the tone is appropriate for the specific assignment. More formal alternatives may be preferred in certain cases.

Where does "In closing," typically appear in a document?

"In closing," usually appears at the beginning of the last paragraph or section of a document, signaling the start of the concluding remarks.