EST: expressed sequence tag; HD-ZIP: homeodomain leucine-zipper; RT-qPCR: reverse-transcription quantitative PCR; CLC drafted the manuscript, carried out the poplar sequence analyses, the phylogenetic tree construction, RT-qPCR analyses in poplar, transgenic poplar characterisations and microarrays results interpretations.
To do this, we designed dominant negative proteins, termed A-ZIPs, that contain the leucine zipper dimerization domain of a B-ZIP protein and an acidic amphipathic N-terminal extension.
Myc is a bHLH-Zip (basic region, helix loop helix, leucine zipper) protein which dimerizes with bHLH-Zip partner proteins like Max upon specific binding to DNA sequence elements termed E-boxes (Eilers and Eisenman, 2008).
Secondly the SERK amino acid sequence contains a particular order of domains from N to C-terminal: Signal peptide (SP), leucine zipper (ZIP), 5 LRRs, a proline-rich domain (SPP), transmembrane, kinase and C-terminal domains.
The bZIP domain (aa 214 ± 271), consisting of a basic region that directly contacts DNA and a leucine zipper (ZIP) that allows dimerisation, is necessary and sufficient for dimerisation and DNA-binding [ 44].
EWS/ATF1 is a potent constitutive activator of the ATF-dependent promoters, dependent on the EAD and the bZIP domain (AA 214 271), consisting of a basic region that directly contacts DNA, and a leucine zipper (ZIP) from ATF1.
Aside from a coiled-coil domain and leucine zip motif, based on the pfam database, AtHDA18 also contains a domain of unknown function, DUF220, at amino acids 43 55 which can be traced back to archea and eubacteria.
The six-rowed phenotype is genetically determined by homozygosity for the recessive allele (previously referred to as vrs1) at the vrs1 locus, which has been identified as a homeobox gene (HvHox1) encoding a transcription factor containing a homeodomain (HD) with a leucine zipper motif (Zip; Komatsuda et al. 2007).
OSHOX1 is a homeodomain leucine zipper (HD-Zip) protein that homodimerizes, but which can also heterodimerize with other HD-Zip proteins [69].
