This approach yields a solution to the problem of the inevitable contamination of Mars by human explorers and suggests that in some instances the local contamination of other planets may be acceptable.
Mathematically, gravitational potentials in the Riemannian space can be evaluated by the procedures of tensor analysis to yield a solution of the Einstein gravitational field equations outside the mass points themselves, for any particular distribution of matter.
Rubidium is difficult to handle because it ignites spontaneously in air, and it reacts violently with water to yield a solution of rubidium hydroxide (RbOH) and hydrogen, which bursts into flames; rubidium is therefore kept in dry mineral oil or an atmosphere of hydrogen.
The residue was azeotropically dried with toluene/benzene (1 1, 1 mL) to yield a solution of the activated phosphoimidazolide of 13 in DMF.
On an average, the rats ingested 0.2 ± 0.2 ml of 0.3 M NaCl versus 0.6 ± 0.5 ml of water in 210 min, which yielded a solution of approximately 0.09 M.
The reaction was then supplemented with dry methanol (3 μL), evaporated under vacuum to remove THF, and azeotropically dried with toluene/benzene (1 1, 1 mL) to yield a solution of the activated phosphoimidazolide of 13 in DMF.
The sample was subsequently dissolved in a pressurized and heated alkaline solution, containing 2.4 g/L sodium hydroxide and 100 mg/L EDTA dipotassium salt (Sigma-Aldrich), to yield a solution of 80 mM hyperpolarized sodium [1-C]pyruvate or [2-C]pyruvate with a polarization of ~30 or ~20%, respectively, and at physiological temperature and pH.
Raw, carbon vapor deposition (CVD) MWNTs (0.05 mg/mL) were sonicated in a 4 μM (0.05 mg/mL) aqueous solution of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA; e.g., d GT 40) at 20 °C for 50 min using a bath sonicator to yield a solution of MWNTs noncovalently associated with ssDNA (DNA-encased MWNTs).
