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Chest X-ray was positive in 32 of the 44 patients with pneumonia, yielding a sensitivity of 73% (Table 2).
Of these 91 cases, 50 tested positive for central black eschar, yielding a sensitivity of 55%95%5% confidence interval [CI] 0.45 0.65).
With an AUC of 0.96, they found that the optimal cutoff value for percentage ADC change was 40.7 %, yielding a sensitivity of 100%% and a specificity of 91%[43]3].
This model was tested on a separate database containing 20 healthy and 20 apnoea subjects yielding a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 75%, with a F1-measure of 81%.
Overall, 9.4 and 8.9% of the samples tested positive for THC in blood and oral fluid, respectively, yielding a sensitivity of 79.4% with a 95% confidence interval (CI) (75.2%, 83.1%) and a specificity of 98.3%95%5% CI: 97.9%, 98.7%) for the oral fluid test in predicting positivity in blood THC.
A turbidity score of 4 was set as a cutoff point for when to clean a trough, yielding a sensitivity of 0.94 and a specificity of 0.03 for identifying a level of E. coli concentration that was more likely to contain E. coli O157 (>5,800 cfu/100 mL).
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Among the 78 patients who underwent CT, CT images revealed the presence of an intra-abdominal tumor in 71 patients, yielding a sensitivity rate of 91.0%.
A score of 3 or more on the screening interview correctly identified the presence of DSM-IV PD in 86% of participants, yielding a sensitivity and specificity of 0.87 and 0.86 respectively.
The model was then validated using a blinded testing set of 292 urine samples; yielding a sensitivity and specificity of 82.7% and 51.2%, respectively, which mirrored the results from the training set.
A cut-off of 72.1% non-modified TTR was found to be optimal in this cohort yielding a sensitivity and specificity of 73% and 86%, respectively with a value of 0.88 for the area under the ROC curve (p < 0.0001).
There were 20/103 (19.4%) false negative cases of carcinomas in frozen section analysis, one biopsy was considered positive in frozen section but permanent preparations revealed a very atypical intraductal papilloma, yielding a sensitivity and specificity of 77% and 86%, respectively.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com