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The remaining sequences yielded a mutation rate that equaled one of the existing estimates--2.2 changes in a DNA sequence a billion bases long, per year.
Fluctuation tests performed on the P. fluorescens type strain (SBW25) yielded a mutation rate of 4.25 × 10− mutations per generation (95% CI: 2.88 × 10−, 5.80 × 10−), about 166× lower than that of the original ATCC948 strain.
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Assuming a mutation rate for noncoding DNA in birds of 1.5 × 10−9 per site per year (Ellegren 2007) and a value of ∼18 years per generation (Niel and Lebreton 2005) yields a mutation rate of 2.7 × 10−8 per generation.
Targeted analysis of whole exome sequencing data yielded a mutation detection rate comparable with that of Sanger sequencing with an overall coverage of 37 and over 90% coverage of all ABCC6 exons.
Surprisingly, wild-type Cas9 yielded a mutation frequency of approximately 50%.
The distributions shown in Figure 2(a) and 2(b) correspond to a mutation rate μ = 0.004, which yields a fraction ρ ≃ 0.34 of correctly folded sequences.
With a mutation rate of 10-9 per base per division (U), a cell division rate of once per day would yield ~2.6 mutations per 100,000 bases whereas a division rate of once every four days [ 8] would yield ~0.65 mutations per 100,000 bases at an age of 70 years (Fig 3).
Thus, a population of N individuals with a mutation rate of μ will produce Nμ mutations per generation.
We use a mutation rate of 10-5.
We assumed a mutation rate of 10-6.
Recent analyses of the rates of short-term evolution in Neisseria [19], Helicobacter [20] and Campylobacter [21] have all yielded estimated mutation rates in the range 3-5×10−5 substitutions per site per year.
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